Peripheral Hypoarousal but Not Preparation-Vigilance Impairment Endures in ADHD Remission

Objective: This study investigates whether impairments associated with persistent ADHD—impaired attention allocation (P3 amplitude), peripheral hypoarousal (skin conductance level [SCL]), and adjustment in preparatory state (contingent negative variation [CNV])—reflect enduring deficits unrelated to...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of attention disorders 2020-11, Vol.24 (13), p.1944-1951
Main Authors: James, Sarah-Naomi, Cheung, Celeste H. M., Rommel, Anna-Sophie, McLoughlin, Gráinne, Brandeis, Daniel, Banaschewski, Tobias, Asherson, Philip, Kuntsi, Jonna
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Attention
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
Child
Contingent Negative Variation
Electroencephalography
Humans
Reaction Time
Research Brief
Wakefulness
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Summary:Objective: This study investigates whether impairments associated with persistent ADHD—impaired attention allocation (P3 amplitude), peripheral hypoarousal (skin conductance level [SCL]), and adjustment in preparatory state (contingent negative variation [CNV])—reflect enduring deficits unrelated to ADHD outcome or are markers of ADHD remission. Method: Young people with childhood ADHD (73 persisters and 18 remitters) and 144 controls were compared on neurophysiological measures during two conditions (baseline and fast-incentive) of a four-choice reaction time task. Results: ADHD remitters differed from persisters, and were indistinguishable from controls, on baseline P3 amplitude and fast-incentive CNV amplitude (p ≤ .05). ADHD remitters differed from controls (p ≤ .01), and were indistinguishable from persisters (p > .05), on baseline SCL. Conclusion: Preparation-vigilance measures were markers of ADHD remission, confirming previous findings with other measures. Yet, SCL-measured peripheral hypoarousal emerges as an enduring deficit unrelated to ADHD improvement. Future studies should explore potential compensatory mechanisms that enable efficient preparation-vigilance processes in ADHD remitters.
ISSN:1087-0547
1557-1246
DOI:10.1177/1087054717698813