A Biomimetic Phosphatidylcholine‐Terminated Monolayer Greatly Improves the In Vivo Performance of Electrochemical Aptamer‐Based Sensors

The real‐time monitoring of specific analytes in situ in the living body would greatly advance our understanding of physiology and the development of personalized medicine. Because they are continuous (wash‐free and reagentless) and are able to work in complex media (e.g., undiluted serum), electroc...

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Published in:Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2017-06, Vol.56 (26), p.7492-7495
Main Authors: Li, Hui, Dauphin‐Ducharme, Philippe, Arroyo‐Currás, Netzahualcóyotl, Tran, Claire H., Vieira, Philip A., Li, Shaoguang, Shin, Christina, Somerson, Jacob, Kippin, Tod E., Plaxco, Kevin W.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algorithms
Aptamers
biomimetic surfaces
Biomimetics
Blood
Complex media
Drift
electrochemical sensors
Electrochemistry
in vivo measurements
Lecithin
membrane monolayers
Mimicry
Monolayers
Phosphatidylcholine
Precision medicine
Sensors
Veins
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Summary:The real‐time monitoring of specific analytes in situ in the living body would greatly advance our understanding of physiology and the development of personalized medicine. Because they are continuous (wash‐free and reagentless) and are able to work in complex media (e.g., undiluted serum), electrochemical aptamer‐based (E‐AB) sensors are promising candidates to fill this role. E‐AB sensors suffer, however, from often‐severe baseline drift when deployed in undiluted whole blood either in vitro or in vivo. We demonstrate that cell‐membrane‐mimicking phosphatidylcholine (PC)‐terminated monolayers improve the performance of E‐AB sensors, reducing the baseline drift from around 70 % to just a few percent after several hours in flowing whole blood in vitro. With this improvement comes the ability to deploy E‐AB sensors directly in situ in the veins of live animals, achieving micromolar precision over many hours without the use of physical barriers or active drift‐correction algorithms. Broadcast live: A biomimetic surface employing phosphatidylcholine head groups (red spheres) greatly improves the baseline stability of electrochemical aptamer‐based (E‐AB) sensors in whole blood and in live rats, reducing the baseline drift from 70 % to less than 10 % under these challenging conditions. MB=methylene blue, T=target, dark blue ribbon=aptamer, yellow strip=electrode, eT=electron transfer.
ISSN:1433-7851
1521-3773
DOI:10.1002/anie.201700748