HIV-1 Eradication: Early Trials (and Tribulations)

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has rendered HIV-1 infection a manageable illness for those with access to treatment. However, ART does not lead to viral eradication owing to the persistence of replication-competent, unexpressed proviruses in long-lived cellular reservoirs. The potential for long-term...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Trends in molecular medicine 2016-01, Vol.22 (1), p.10-27
Main Authors: Spivak, Adam M, Planelles, Vicente
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - virology
Disease Eradication
HIV Infections - drug therapy
HIV Infections - prevention & control
HIV-1
Humans
Pathology
Virus Latency - drug effects
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Summary:Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has rendered HIV-1 infection a manageable illness for those with access to treatment. However, ART does not lead to viral eradication owing to the persistence of replication-competent, unexpressed proviruses in long-lived cellular reservoirs. The potential for long-term drug toxicities and the lack of access to ART for most people living with HIV-1 infection have fueled scientific interest in understanding the nature of this latent reservoir. Exploration of HIV-1 persistence at the cellular and molecular level in resting memory CD4+ T cells, the predominant viral reservoir in patients on ART, has uncovered potential strategies to reverse latency. We review recent advances in pharmacologically based ‘shock and kill’ HIV-1 eradication strategies, including comparative analysis of early clinical trials.
ISSN:1471-4914
1471-499X
DOI:10.1016/j.molmed.2015.11.004