Case-finding in primary care for coeliac disease: Accuracy and cost-effectiveness of a rapid point-of-care test

Background An on-site, rapid, fingertip, whole-blood point-of-care test (POCT) is attractive for active case-finding of coeliac disease (CD) in primary care because of its simplicity. Aim The aim of this article is to assess the usefulness and cost-effectiveness of adult case-finding using a POCT ba...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:United European gastroenterology journal 2018-07, Vol.6 (6), p.855-865
Main Authors: Esteve, Maria, Rosinach, Mercè, Llordés, Montserrat, Calpe, Judit, Montserrat, Glòria, Pujals, Mar, Cela, Abel, Carrasco, Anna, Ibarra, Montserrat, Ruiz-Ramirez, Pablo, Tristán, Eva, Arau, Beatriz, Ferrer, Carme, Mariné, Meritxell, Ribes, Josepa, Fernández-Bañares, Fernando
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Coeliac disease
diagnosis
Original
point-of-care test
serology
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Summary:Background An on-site, rapid, fingertip, whole-blood point-of-care test (POCT) is attractive for active case-finding of coeliac disease (CD) in primary care because of its simplicity. Aim The aim of this article is to assess the usefulness and cost-effectiveness of adult case-finding using a POCT based on deamidated gliadin peptide antibodies (IgA/IgG-DGP) in primary care for CD diagnosis. Methods A case-finding study for CD was conducted by using an easy-to-use, on-site, whole-blood for IgA/IgG-DGP-based fingertip POCT compared with tTG2 in 350 individuals. Sample size was calculated based on 0.28% prevalence in the reference population. Duodenal biopsies for histology, intraepithelial lymphocytes and in situ deposition of tTG2 were obtained if tTG2 and/or POCT were positive. Accuracy and cost-effectiveness of strategies using serology or POCT were calculated. Results Prevalence of CD was 1.14% (95% CI, 0.3–3.4), almost double what was previously observed. Four patients were diagnosed with CD. tTG2 was positive in three (0.85%) and POCT in 29 (8.2%). Sensitivity of POCT for CD was 100%, specificity 93%, PPV 14%, and NPV 100%. POCT followed by duodenal biopsy was the most cost-effective approach in our setting (standard diagnosis: €13,033/case; POCT + duodenal biopsy: €7360/case). Conclusions A negative POCT allows ruling out CD in primary care, making it suitable for case-finding. POCT strategy was the most cost effective.
ISSN:2050-6406
2050-6414
DOI:10.1177/2050640618761700