Sleep, Diet, and Cardiometabolic Health Investigations: a Systematic Review of Analytic Strategies

Purpose of Review Poor sleep is a risk factor for cardiometabolic morbidity. The relationship of sleep and cardiometabolic health could be confounded, mediated, or modified by diet, yet the incorporation of diet in sleep-cardiometabolic health studies is inconsistent. This rapid systematic literatur...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current nutrition reports 2018-12, Vol.7 (4), p.235-258
Main Authors: Jansen, Erica C., Dunietz, Galit Levi, Tsimpanouli, Maria-Efstratia, Guyer, Heidi M., Shannon, Carol, Hershner, Shelley D., O’Brien, Louise M., Baylin, Ana
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Cardiology
Child
Child, Preschool
Clinical Nutrition
Diabetes
Diabetes and Obesity (MC de Oliveira Otto
Energy Intake
Energy Metabolism
Female
Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
Healthy Diet
Heart Diseases - epidemiology
Heart Diseases - physiopathology
Heart Diseases - prevention & control
Humans
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Metabolic Diseases - epidemiology
Metabolic Diseases - physiopathology
Metabolic Diseases - prevention & control
Middle Aged
Nutritional Status
Nutritive Value
Oncology
Protective Factors
Risk Factors
Risk Reduction Behavior
Section Editor
Sleep
Sleep Wake Disorders - diagnosis
Sleep Wake Disorders - physiopathology
Sleep Wake Disorders - prevention & control
Time Factors
Topical Collection on Diabetes and Obesity
Young Adult
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Summary:Purpose of Review Poor sleep is a risk factor for cardiometabolic morbidity. The relationship of sleep and cardiometabolic health could be confounded, mediated, or modified by diet, yet the incorporation of diet in sleep-cardiometabolic health studies is inconsistent. This rapid systematic literature review evaluates the conceptualization of diet as a confounder, mediator, or effect modifier within sleep-cardiometabolic health investigations, and the statistical approaches utilized. Recent Findings Of 4692 studies identified, 60 were retained (28 adult, 32 pediatric). Most studies included diet patterns, quality, or energy intake as confounders, while a few examined these dietary variables as mediators or effect modifiers. There was some evidence, mostly in pediatric studies, that inclusion of diet altered sleep-cardiometabolic health associations. Summary Diet plays a diverse role within sleep-cardiometabolic health associations. Investigators should carefully consider the conceptualization of diet variables in these relationships and utilize contemporary statistical approaches when applicable.
ISSN:2161-3311
2161-3311
DOI:10.1007/s13668-018-0240-3