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The relationship between dietary magnesium intake, stroke and its major risk factors, blood pressure and cholesterol, in the EPIC-Norfolk cohort

Abstract Background Dietary magnesium could modify the major stroke risk factors, high blood pressure (BP) and cholesterol, but has been understudied in both sexes in a single population. This study aimed to investigate if dietary magnesium intake was associated with BP, total cholesterol (TC) and i...

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Published in:International journal of cardiology 2015-10, Vol.196, p.108-114
Main Authors: Bain, Lucy K.M, Myint, Phyo K, Jennings, Amy, Lentjes, Marleen A.H, Luben, Robert N, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nick J, Welch, Ailsa A
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cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c584t-fe053a9e425e87dcc72d49bf4389d036cc3af137017e9943514967afe8ffd0f13
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container_start_page 108
container_title International journal of cardiology
container_volume 196
creator Bain, Lucy K.M
Myint, Phyo K
Jennings, Amy
Lentjes, Marleen A.H
Luben, Robert N
Khaw, Kay-Tee
Wareham, Nick J
Welch, Ailsa A
description Abstract Background Dietary magnesium could modify the major stroke risk factors, high blood pressure (BP) and cholesterol, but has been understudied in both sexes in a single population. This study aimed to investigate if dietary magnesium intake was associated with BP, total cholesterol (TC) and incident stroke risk in an adult population. Methods We conducted cross-sectional analyses in a case–cohort study of 4443, men and women aged 40–75, representative of 25,639 participants years of the EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer)-Norfolk cohort. The cohort included 928 stroke cases (42,556.5 person years). Dietary data from 7 day food diaries were analysed using multivariate regression to assess associations between quintiles or data-derived categories of dietary magnesium intake and BP, TC and stroke risk, adjusted for relevant confounders. Results We observed differences of − 7 mm Hg systolic BP (P trend ≤ 0.01) and − 3.8 mm Hg diastolic BP (P trend = 0.01) between extreme intakes of magnesium in men, a significant inverse association with TC was observed (P trend = 0.02 men and 0.04 women). Compared to the bottom 10%, the top 30% of magnesium intake was associated with a 41% relative reduction in stroke risk (HR 0.59; 95% CI 0.38–0.93) in men. Conclusions Lower dietary magnesium intake was associated with higher BP and stroke risk, which may have implications for primary prevention.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.05.166
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This study aimed to investigate if dietary magnesium intake was associated with BP, total cholesterol (TC) and incident stroke risk in an adult population. Methods We conducted cross-sectional analyses in a case–cohort study of 4443, men and women aged 40–75, representative of 25,639 participants years of the EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer)-Norfolk cohort. The cohort included 928 stroke cases (42,556.5 person years). Dietary data from 7 day food diaries were analysed using multivariate regression to assess associations between quintiles or data-derived categories of dietary magnesium intake and BP, TC and stroke risk, adjusted for relevant confounders. Results We observed differences of − 7 mm Hg systolic BP (P trend ≤ 0.01) and − 3.8 mm Hg diastolic BP (P trend = 0.01) between extreme intakes of magnesium in men, a significant inverse association with TC was observed (P trend = 0.02 men and 0.04 women). Compared to the bottom 10%, the top 30% of magnesium intake was associated with a 41% relative reduction in stroke risk (HR 0.59; 95% CI 0.38–0.93) in men. Conclusions Lower dietary magnesium intake was associated with higher BP and stroke risk, which may have implications for primary prevention.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0167-5273</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1874-1754</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.05.166</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26082204</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier Ireland Ltd</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Blood pressure ; Blood Pressure - physiology ; Cardiovascular ; Cholesterol - blood ; Cohort Studies ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diet ; Diet Records ; Dietary magnesium ; Female ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Magnesium - administration &amp; dosage ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Stroke ; Stroke - prevention &amp; control ; Total cholesterol</subject><ispartof>International journal of cardiology, 2015-10, Vol.196, p.108-114</ispartof><rights>2015</rights><rights>Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c584t-fe053a9e425e87dcc72d49bf4389d036cc3af137017e9943514967afe8ffd0f13</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c584t-fe053a9e425e87dcc72d49bf4389d036cc3af137017e9943514967afe8ffd0f13</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-5088-6343 ; 0000-0003-3852-6158</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26082204$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bain, Lucy K.M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Myint, Phyo K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jennings, Amy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lentjes, Marleen A.H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luben, Robert N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khaw, Kay-Tee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wareham, Nick J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Welch, Ailsa A</creatorcontrib><title>The relationship between dietary magnesium intake, stroke and its major risk factors, blood pressure and cholesterol, in the EPIC-Norfolk cohort</title><title>International journal of cardiology</title><addtitle>Int J Cardiol</addtitle><description>Abstract Background Dietary magnesium could modify the major stroke risk factors, high blood pressure (BP) and cholesterol, but has been understudied in both sexes in a single population. This study aimed to investigate if dietary magnesium intake was associated with BP, total cholesterol (TC) and incident stroke risk in an adult population. Methods We conducted cross-sectional analyses in a case–cohort study of 4443, men and women aged 40–75, representative of 25,639 participants years of the EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer)-Norfolk cohort. The cohort included 928 stroke cases (42,556.5 person years). Dietary data from 7 day food diaries were analysed using multivariate regression to assess associations between quintiles or data-derived categories of dietary magnesium intake and BP, TC and stroke risk, adjusted for relevant confounders. Results We observed differences of − 7 mm Hg systolic BP (P trend ≤ 0.01) and − 3.8 mm Hg diastolic BP (P trend = 0.01) between extreme intakes of magnesium in men, a significant inverse association with TC was observed (P trend = 0.02 men and 0.04 women). Compared to the bottom 10%, the top 30% of magnesium intake was associated with a 41% relative reduction in stroke risk (HR 0.59; 95% CI 0.38–0.93) in men. Conclusions Lower dietary magnesium intake was associated with higher BP and stroke risk, which may have implications for primary prevention.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Blood pressure</subject><subject>Blood Pressure - physiology</subject><subject>Cardiovascular</subject><subject>Cholesterol - blood</subject><subject>Cohort Studies</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Diet</subject><subject>Diet Records</subject><subject>Dietary magnesium</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Linear Models</subject><subject>Magnesium - administration &amp; dosage</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Stroke</subject><subject>Stroke - prevention &amp; control</subject><subject>Total cholesterol</subject><issn>0167-5273</issn><issn>1874-1754</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFUstuEzEUHSEQLYU_QMhLFplgz_gx3iChqEClCpAoEjvLse80njh2sD1F_Qs-GUcp5bFh5cU9D597btM8J3hJMOGvpqWbjE522WHClpgtCecPmlMyCNoSwejD5rTCRMs60Z80T3KeMMZUyuFxc9JxPHQdpqfNj6sNoAReFxdD3rg9WkP5DhCQdVB0ukU7fR0gu3mHXCh6CwuUS4pbQDpY5EqugCkmlFzeolGbElNeoLWP0aJ9gpzndISaTfSQC6ToF1UKlWp8_uli1X6IaYx-i0zcxFSeNo9G7TM8u3vPmi9vz69W79vLj-8uVm8uW8MGWtoRMOu1BNoxGIQ1RnSWyvVI-0Fa3HNjej2SXmAiQEraM0IlF3qEYRwtrpOz5vVRdz-vd2ANhJK0V_vkdjW1itqpvyfBbdR1vFG8G6iQrAq8vBNI8dtck6mdywa81wHinBXhcpCccswrlB6hJsWcE4z3NgSrQ5lqUscy1aFMhVllH2gv_vziPelXe78zQF3UjYOksnEQDFiXwBRlo_ufw78CxrvgjPZbuIU8xTmFWoIiKncKq8-HgzrcE2GYdAJ_7X8C_6nK5g</recordid><startdate>20151001</startdate><enddate>20151001</enddate><creator>Bain, Lucy K.M</creator><creator>Myint, Phyo K</creator><creator>Jennings, Amy</creator><creator>Lentjes, Marleen A.H</creator><creator>Luben, Robert N</creator><creator>Khaw, Kay-Tee</creator><creator>Wareham, Nick J</creator><creator>Welch, Ailsa A</creator><general>Elsevier Ireland Ltd</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5088-6343</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3852-6158</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20151001</creationdate><title>The relationship between dietary magnesium intake, stroke and its major risk factors, blood pressure and cholesterol, in the EPIC-Norfolk cohort</title><author>Bain, Lucy K.M ; Myint, Phyo K ; Jennings, Amy ; Lentjes, Marleen A.H ; Luben, Robert N ; Khaw, Kay-Tee ; Wareham, Nick J ; Welch, Ailsa A</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c584t-fe053a9e425e87dcc72d49bf4389d036cc3af137017e9943514967afe8ffd0f13</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Blood pressure</topic><topic>Blood Pressure - physiology</topic><topic>Cardiovascular</topic><topic>Cholesterol - blood</topic><topic>Cohort Studies</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Diet</topic><topic>Diet Records</topic><topic>Dietary magnesium</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Linear Models</topic><topic>Magnesium - administration &amp; dosage</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Stroke</topic><topic>Stroke - prevention &amp; control</topic><topic>Total cholesterol</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Bain, Lucy K.M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Myint, Phyo K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jennings, Amy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lentjes, Marleen A.H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luben, Robert N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khaw, Kay-Tee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wareham, Nick J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Welch, Ailsa A</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>International journal of cardiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bain, Lucy K.M</au><au>Myint, Phyo K</au><au>Jennings, Amy</au><au>Lentjes, Marleen A.H</au><au>Luben, Robert N</au><au>Khaw, Kay-Tee</au><au>Wareham, Nick J</au><au>Welch, Ailsa A</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The relationship between dietary magnesium intake, stroke and its major risk factors, blood pressure and cholesterol, in the EPIC-Norfolk cohort</atitle><jtitle>International journal of cardiology</jtitle><addtitle>Int J Cardiol</addtitle><date>2015-10-01</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>196</volume><spage>108</spage><epage>114</epage><pages>108-114</pages><issn>0167-5273</issn><eissn>1874-1754</eissn><abstract>Abstract Background Dietary magnesium could modify the major stroke risk factors, high blood pressure (BP) and cholesterol, but has been understudied in both sexes in a single population. This study aimed to investigate if dietary magnesium intake was associated with BP, total cholesterol (TC) and incident stroke risk in an adult population. Methods We conducted cross-sectional analyses in a case–cohort study of 4443, men and women aged 40–75, representative of 25,639 participants years of the EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer)-Norfolk cohort. The cohort included 928 stroke cases (42,556.5 person years). Dietary data from 7 day food diaries were analysed using multivariate regression to assess associations between quintiles or data-derived categories of dietary magnesium intake and BP, TC and stroke risk, adjusted for relevant confounders. Results We observed differences of − 7 mm Hg systolic BP (P trend ≤ 0.01) and − 3.8 mm Hg diastolic BP (P trend = 0.01) between extreme intakes of magnesium in men, a significant inverse association with TC was observed (P trend = 0.02 men and 0.04 women). Compared to the bottom 10%, the top 30% of magnesium intake was associated with a 41% relative reduction in stroke risk (HR 0.59; 95% CI 0.38–0.93) in men. Conclusions Lower dietary magnesium intake was associated with higher BP and stroke risk, which may have implications for primary prevention.</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier Ireland Ltd</pub><pmid>26082204</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.05.166</doi><tpages>7</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5088-6343</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3852-6158</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Adult
Aged
Blood pressure
Blood Pressure - physiology
Cardiovascular
Cholesterol - blood
Cohort Studies
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diet
Diet Records
Dietary magnesium
Female
Humans
Linear Models
Magnesium - administration & dosage
Male
Middle Aged
Risk Factors
Stroke
Stroke - prevention & control
Total cholesterol
title The relationship between dietary magnesium intake, stroke and its major risk factors, blood pressure and cholesterol, in the EPIC-Norfolk cohort
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