Prevalence of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis among patients previously treated for pulmonary tuberculosis in North-Western, Nigeria

Background: Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is a significant public health problem. Greater than 90% of rifampicin (RIF)-resistant isolates were also isoniazid resistant, and hence, rifampicin resistance (RR) is frequently used as a surrogate for multidrug-resistant TB. Setting: This study was cond...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nigerian medical journal 2017-11, Vol.58 (6), p.161-166
Main Authors: Fadeyi, Abayomi, Desalu, Olufemi, Ugwuoke, Chidi, Opanwa, Oji, Nwabuisi, Charles, Salami, Alakija
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antitubercular agents
Care and treatment
Communicable diseases
Drug resistance
EDTA
Medical research
Microbial drug resistance
Original
Patient compliance
Public health
Pulmonary tuberculosis
Rifampin
Tuberculosis
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Summary:Background: Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is a significant public health problem. Greater than 90% of rifampicin (RIF)-resistant isolates were also isoniazid resistant, and hence, rifampicin resistance (RR) is frequently used as a surrogate for multidrug-resistant TB. Setting: This study was conducted at Infectious Disease Hospital Kano in North-Western Nigeria. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of RR among patients previously treated for pulmonary TB (PTB). Materials and Methods: A total of 120 patients previously treated for PTB with current clinical features of PTB were recruited into this study. Relevant clinical information were obtained using a questionnaire. The sputum was collected and analyzed by the Gene Xpert MTB/RIF® machine to detect RR tuberculosis infection and blood screened for HIV infection. Results: The mean (±standard deviation) age of the participants was 35.9 ± 14.3 years and they comprised 73 (60.8%) males and 47 (39.2%) females. HIV-seropositive rate was 11.7% among the participants. Of the 120 participants, PTB was detected in 35 (29.2%) of the participants by Gene Xpert MTB/RIF and 29 of them were cases of relapse. Five patients (4.2%) had RR tuberculosis and 80% of them were below the age of 45 years. Conclusion: The prevalence of RR is not high among previously treated PTB patients in this study when compared with other previous studies. This finding is a window for evaluating the efficacy of current interventions in the region and evidence for the consolidation of existing control policies.
ISSN:0300-1652
2229-774X
DOI:10.4103/nmj.NMJ_41_17