Effective Dietary Behavior Change Using an Online Nutrition Intervention with a Mediterranean Diet Plus Extra-virgin Olive Oil for the Prevention of Recurrent Arrhythmia (P12-006-19)

• Published in: Current developments in nutrition 2019-06, Vol.3 (Suppl 1), p.nzz035.P12-006-19, Article nzz035.P12-006-19
• Main Authors: Hershey, Maria, Mateos, Leticia Goñi, Ruiz-Estigarribia, Liz, Barrio-López, M. Teresa, Ramos, Pablo, Tercedor, Luis, Ibañez, José L., Almendral, Jesús, Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel, Ruiz-Canela, Miguel
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Medical Nutrition
• ISSN: 2475-2991; 2475-2991
• DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzz035.P12-006-19

The PREDIMAR (Prevention of arrythmias with Mediterranean diet -MedDiet-) trial is an ongoing randomized, parallel, multicenter study in Spain that began in 2017. The aim of this trial was to assess the effectiveness of a remote nutrition intervention in reducing the rate of atrial fibrillation (AF) relapses after ablation. Here, we compare 1-year changes in diet and other lifestyle factors between the intervention and control group. As of December 2018, 149 out of 484 recruited participants had completed the 1-yr follow-up visit. Among them, 77 received a remote intervention by a dietitian and 72 received the usual clinical care (controls). Adherence to the MedDiet was measured using a validated 14-point Mediterranean diet Adherence Score (MEDAS). Lifestyle was measured using a 7-point Healthy Lifestyle Score (HLS): physical activity, BMI, Mediterranean diet score, moderate alcohol consumption, TV watching, napping, and time spent with friends. Mean differences between baseline and 1-yr follow-up within and between groups were calculated with Student’s t-test for statistical significance. One-year changes in MEDAS were significantly better within the intervention group (2.48 pts. 95%CI:1.97–2.99) but not within the control group (0.29 pts. 95%CI: –0.21–0.79). We observed a significant increase in MEDAS in the intervention group compared to the control group (2.19 pts. 95%CI: –2.90–1.48). After 1-yr follow-up, participants in the intervention group significantly increased their consumption of fruits, vegetables, legumes, olive oil, fish, nuts, carbohydrates, fiber, and fat, by increasing MUFA and PUFA (all P < 0.05). We found a greater intake of fruits, vegetables, olive oil, fish, nuts, fat, MUFA, PUFA, and fiber, but less meat and alcohol, at 1-yr in the intervention group compared to the control group (all P < 0.05). After 1-yr follow-up HLS changes were not significant between groups. In the PREDIMAR trial, an online nutrition intervention complemented with telephone calls and printed materials effectively increased 1-yr adherence to the MedDiet without altering other lifestyle factors compared to the control group. Instituto de Salud Carlos III, European Fund for Regional and Economic Development, Regional Government of Navarra, Spanish Society of Cardiology, Innoliva, and Basque Culinary Center. ▪ ▪