The Effect of Long Working Hours and Overtime on Occupational Health: A Meta-Analysis of Evidence from 1998 to 2018

There has been no subsequent meta-analysis examining the effects of long working hours on health or occupational health since 1997. Therefore, this paper aims to conduct a meta-analysis covering studies after 1997 for a comparison. A total of 243 published records were extracted from electronic data...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of environmental research and public health 2019-06, Vol.16 (12), p.2102
Main Authors: Wong, Kapo, Chan, Alan H S, Ngan, S C
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alcohol
Alcoholic beverages
Anxiety
Blood pressure
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular diseases
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus
Engineers
Epidemiology
Exhaustion
Fatigue
Female employees
Health behavior
Health risk assessment
Health risks
Heart attacks
Humans
Hypertension
Illnesses
Injuries
Injury prevention
Mental depression
Mental disorders
Mental health
Meta-analysis
Myocardial infarction
Occupational Health
Occupational Stress
Overtime
Sleep
Sleep deprivation
Sleep Wake Disorders
Smoking
Stress
Studies
Working hours
Workload
Wounds and Injuries
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Summary:There has been no subsequent meta-analysis examining the effects of long working hours on health or occupational health since 1997. Therefore, this paper aims to conduct a meta-analysis covering studies after 1997 for a comparison. A total of 243 published records were extracted from electronic databases. The effects were measured by five conditions, namely, physiological health (PH), mental health (MH), health behaviours (HB), related health (RH), and nonspecified health (NH). The overall odds ratio between long working hours and occupational health was 1.245 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.195-1.298). The condition of related health constituted the highest odds ratio value (1.465, 95% CI: 1.332-1.611). The potential moderators were study method, cut-point for long weekly working hours, and country of origin. Long working hours were shown to adversely affect the occupational health of workers. The management on safeguarding the occupational health of workers working long hours should be reinforced.
ISSN:1660-4601
1661-7827
1660-4601
DOI:10.3390/ijerph16122102