The effect of brisk walking in the fasted versus fed state on metabolic responses, gastrointestinal function, and appetite in healthy men

• Published in: International Journal of Obesity 2019-09, Vol.43 (9), p.1691-1700
• Main Authors: McIver, Victoria J., Mattin, Lewis, Evans, Gethin H., Yau, Adora M. W.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 631/443/319; 692/163; Adult; Appetite; Appetite - physiology; Blood Glucose - analysis; Calorimetry; Carbohydrates; Cholesterol; Cross-Over Studies; Digestion - physiology; Epidemiology; Esterification; Exercise; Fasting - physiology; Fatty acids; Feeding behavior; Gastric emptying; Gastric Emptying - physiology; Ghrelin; Glucagon; Glucagon-like peptide 1; Glucose; Health aspects; Health Promotion and Disease Prevention; Hormones; Humans; Hunger; Ingestion; Insulin; Internal Medicine; Male; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Men; Menopause; Metabolic Diseases; Metabolic response; Metabolism; Oxidation; Peptides; Physical activity; Physical fitness; Physical training; Postprandial Period - physiology; Public Health; Substrates; Test procedures; Treadmills; Triglycerides; Tyrosine; Walking; Walking - physiology; Young Adult
• ISSN: 0307-0565; 1476-5497
• DOI: 10.1038/s41366-018-0215-x

Objective To investigate the effect of brisk walking in the fasted versus fed state on gastric emptying rate (GER), metabolic responses and appetite hormone responses. Subjects/methods Twelve healthy men completed two 45 min treadmill walks, fasted (FASTED) and followed consumption of a standardised breakfast (FED). GER of a standardised lunch was subsequently measured for 2 h using the 13 C-breath test method. Blood samples were collected at baseline, post-breakfast period, pre-exercise, immediately post exercise, pre-lunch then every 30 min following lunch for 2 h. Circulating concentrations of acylated ghrelin (GHR), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY), pancreatic polypeptide (PP), glucose, insulin, triglycerides, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and cholesterol were measured. Subjective feelings of appetite were assessed at 15 min intervals throughout. Substrate utilisation was measured every 30 min, and continuously throughout exercise by indirect calorimetry. Results No differences were observed for GER T ½ (FASTED 89 ± 22 vs. FED 89 ± 24 min, P  = 0.868) nor T lag (FASTED 55 ± 15 vs. FED 54 ± 14 min, P  = 0.704). NEFA concentrations were higher in FASTED at pre-exercise, post exercise and 30 min post exercise (pre-lunch) (all P