Evaluation of heavy metal concentration in imported black tea in Iran and consumer risk assessments

Tea grows in the contaminated soils, absorbs the heavy metals, and enters them into the human food chain. The concentrations of Pb, Cd, Cu, As, and Hg of the imported black tea leaves to Hormozgan Province were evaluated by atomic absorption spectrometer. Then, the Hazard Quotient (HQ) and Hazard In...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Food science & nutrition 2019-12, Vol.7 (12), p.4021-4026
Main Authors: Pourramezani, Fatemeh, Akrami Mohajeri, Fateme, Salmani, Mohammad Hossein, Dehghani Tafti, Arefe, Khalili Sadrabad, Elham
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Atomic absorption analysis
Black tea
Cadmium
Consumers
Consumption
Copper
Evaluation
Food chains
Health hazards
Health risk assessment
Heavy metals
Indian tea
Iran
Lead
Mercury
Mercury (metal)
Metal concentrations
Original Research
Quotients
Risk assessment
Soil contamination
Soil pollution
Spectral analysis
Sri Lankan tea
Tea
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Summary:Tea grows in the contaminated soils, absorbs the heavy metals, and enters them into the human food chain. The concentrations of Pb, Cd, Cu, As, and Hg of the imported black tea leaves to Hormozgan Province were evaluated by atomic absorption spectrometer. Then, the Hazard Quotient (HQ) and Hazard Index (HI) levels of heavy metal intakes were calculated to estimate the health hazard for consumers. The Pb, Cd, Cu, As, and Hg concentrations in the Sri Lankan and Indian blank tea were 0.14, 0.017, 11.29, 0.057, 0.0076 mg/kg, and 0.21, 0.02, 14.56, 0.067, 0.01 mg/kg, respectively. It was found that except for As concentration in Indian black tea were higher than Sri Lankan black tea. The HQ and HI levels of all studied metals were less than one, but they were higher in Indian black tea compared with the Sri Lankan black tea. The HI of Indian and Sri Lankan black tea samples were 0.061 and 0.048, respectively, which indicated no significant health hazard for tea consumers. The results showed that the consumption of the studied tea could not have any risk of heavy metal exposure. The Pb, Cd, Cu, As, and Hg in both Sri Lankan and Indian were lower than standard limit. The HQ and HI levels of all studied metals were less than one in Iranian consumers. The heavy metals of imported black tea to Iran were investigated. According to our results, there was no problem in terms of heavy metal contamination.
ISSN:2048-7177
2048-7177
DOI:10.1002/fsn3.1267