Comparisons of Self‐Reported and Measured Height and Weight, BMI, and Obesity Prevalence from National Surveys: 1999‐2016

• Published in: Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) Md.), 2019-10, Vol.27 (10), p.1711-1719
• Main Authors: Flegal, Katherine M., Ogden, Cynthia L., Fryar, Cheryl, Afful, Joseph, Klein, Richard, Huang, David T.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Adults; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; Bias; Body Height; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Disease control; Female; Health care access; Humans; Interviews; Male; Middle Aged; Nutrition; Nutrition Surveys - standards; Nutrition Surveys - statistics & numerical data; Obesity; Obesity - epidemiology; Prevalence; Response rates; Risk factors; Self Report - standards; Self Report - statistics & numerical data; Studies; Surveillance; Surveys and Questionnaires; United States - epidemiology; Womens health; Young Adult
• ISSN: 1930-7381; 1930-739X
• DOI: 10.1002/oby.22591

Objective The aim of this study was to compare national estimates of self‐reported and measured height and weight, BMI, and obesity prevalence among adults from US surveys. Methods Self‐reported height and weight data came from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), the National Health Interview Survey, and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System for the years 1999 to 2016. Measured height and weight data were available from NHANES. BMI was calculated from height and weight; obesity was defined as BMI ≥ 30. Results In all three surveys, mean self‐reported height was higher than mean measured height in NHANES for both men and women. Mean BMI from self‐reported data was lower than mean BMI from measured data across all surveys. For women, mean self‐reported weight, BMI, and obesity prevalence in the National Health Interview Survey and Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were lower than self‐report in NHANES. The distribution of BMI was narrower for self‐reported than for measured data, leading to lower estimates of obesity prevalence. Conclusions Self‐reported height, weight, BMI, and obesity prevalence were not identical across the three surveys, particularly for women. Patterns of misreporting of height and weight and their effects on BMI and obesity prevalence are complex.