Plant-derived silica nanoparticles and composites for biosensors, bioimaging, drug delivery and supercapacitors: a review

Silica nanoparticles have rapidly found applications in medicine, supercapacitors, batteries, optical fibers and concrete materials, because silica nanoparticles have tunable physical, chemical, optical and mechanical properties. In most applications, high-purity silica comes from synthetic organic...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental chemistry letters 2021-04, Vol.19 (2), p.1667-1691
Main Authors: Prabha, S., Durgalakshmi, D., Rajendran, Saravanan, Lichtfouse, Eric
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analytical Chemistry
Bagasse
Batteries
Biocompatibility
Biomass
Biosensors
Chemical Sciences
Coffee
COVID-19
Drug delivery
Drugs
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Ecotoxicology
Electric power
Engineering Sciences
Environment
Environmental Chemistry
Geochemistry
Impurities
Infectivity
Life Sciences
Material chemistry
Mechanical properties
Medical imaging
Medical sciences
Medicinal Chemistry
Nanoclusters
Nanoparticles
Optical fibers
Optical properties
Pandemics
Pharmaceutical sciences
Plants
Pollution
Review
Rivers
Sciences of the Universe
Sensors
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Silica
Silicon dioxide
Silver
Sugarcane
Supercapacitors
Wastes
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Summary:Silica nanoparticles have rapidly found applications in medicine, supercapacitors, batteries, optical fibers and concrete materials, because silica nanoparticles have tunable physical, chemical, optical and mechanical properties. In most applications, high-purity silica comes from synthetic organic precursors, yet this approach could be costly, polluting and non-biocompatible. Alternatively, natural silica sources from biomass are often cheap and abundant, yet they contain impurities. Silica can be extracted from corn cob, coffee husk, rice husk, sugarcane bagasse and wheat husk wastes, which are often disposed of in rivers, lands and ponds. These wastes can be used to prepare homogenous silica nanoparticles. Here we review properties, preparation and applications of silica nanoparticles. Preparation includes chemical and biomass methods. Applications include biosensors, bioimaging, drug delivery and supercapacitors. In particular, to fight the COVID-19 pandemic, recent research has shown that silver nanocluster/silica deposited on a mask reduces SARS-Cov-2 infectivity to zero.
ISSN:1610-3653
1610-3661
DOI:10.1007/s10311-020-01123-5