Impact of home confinement during COVID-19 pandemic on sleep parameters in Parkinson's disease

• Published in: Sleep medicine 2021-01, Vol.77, p.15-22
• Main Authors: Kumar, Niraj, Gupta, Ravi, Kumar, Hrishikesh, Mehta, Sahil, Rajan, Roopa, Kumar, Deva, Kandadai, Rukmini Mridula, Desai, Soaham, Wadia, Pettarusp, Basu, Purba, Mondal, Banashree, Juneja, Sanchita, Rawat, Ankita, Meka, Sai Srilakshmi, Mishal, Bhushan, Prashanth, L.K., Srivastava, Achal Kumar, Goyal, Vinay
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Comorbidity; COVID-19; COVID-19 - epidemiology; COVID-19 - psychology; Cross-Sectional Studies; Disease Progression; Dopamine; Female; Home confinement; Humans; India; Male; Original; Pandemic; Parkinson Disease - epidemiology; Parkinson Disease - psychology; Parkinson's disease; Quality of Life - psychology; Restless Legs Syndrome - epidemiology; Restless Legs Syndrome - psychology; Sleep Wake Disorders - epidemiology; Sleep Wake Disorders - psychology; Surveys and Questionnaires
• ISSN: 1389-9457; 1878-5506
• DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.11.021

Literature shows that home confinement during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly affected sleep. However, such information regarding subjects having Parkinson's disease (PD) is unavailable. This cross-sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire, developed and validated by experts. PD subjects from nine centers across India were included. Questionnaire assessed presence as well as change in sleep-related parameters and PD symptoms during home confinement. Restless legs syndrome (RLS) and REM sleep behavior disorder (REMBD) was diagnosed using validated questionnaire. Additionally, changes in physical activity, adoption of new hobbies during home confinement and perceived quality of life were assessed. Of 832 subjects, 35.4% reported sleep disturbances. New-onset/worsening of sleep disturbances (NOWS) was reported by 23.9% subjects. Among those with sleep disturbances (n = 295), insomnia symptoms worsened in half (51.5%) and nearly one-fourth reported worsening of RLS (24.7%) and REMBD (22.7%) each. NOWS was common in subjects lacking adequate family support during home confinement (P = 0.03); home confinement > 60 days (P = 0.05) and duration of PD > 7 years (P = 0.008). Contrarily, physical activity >1 h/day and engagement in new hobbies during home confinement were associated with better sleep. NOWS was associated with worsening of motor as well as non-motor symptoms of PD (P