Clinical Efficacy of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Bone Regeneration in Oral Implantology. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

In bone regeneration, obtaining a vital bone as similar as possible to native bone is sought. This review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of stem cells in maxillary bone regeneration for implant rehabilitation and to review the different techniques for obtaining and processing these cells. A systemat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of environmental research and public health 2021-01, Vol.18 (3), p.894
Main Authors: Egido-Moreno, Sonia, Valls-Roca-Umbert, Joan, Céspedes-Sánchez, Juan Manuel, López-López, José, Velasco-Ortega, Eugenio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Autografts
Bias
Bioengineering
Biomedical materials
Bone growth
Bone marrow
Bone Regeneration
Bone Transplantation
Boolean algebra
Calcification
Cell adhesion & migration
Clinical trials
Dental implants
Dental prosthetics
Humans
Maxillary Sinus
Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Meta-analysis
Osteogenesis
Regeneration
Regeneration (physiology)
Rehabilitation
Review
Skin & tissue grafts
Statistical analysis
Stem cells
Systematic review
Treatment Outcome
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Summary:In bone regeneration, obtaining a vital bone as similar as possible to native bone is sought. This review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of stem cells in maxillary bone regeneration for implant rehabilitation and to review the different techniques for obtaining and processing these cells. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed using the Pubmed/Medline (NCBI), Cochrane, Scielo, and Scopus databases, without restriction on the publication date. The following Mesh terms were used, combined by the Boolean operator "AND": "dental implants" AND "stem cells" AND "bioengineering". Applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, five articles were obtained and three were added after manual search. The results from the meta-analysis (18 patients) did not provide significant differences despite the percentage of bone formed in the maxillary sinus, favoring the stem cell group, and the analysis of the percentage of residual Bio-Oss showed results favoring the control group. Stem cell regeneration usually shows positive vascular and viable bone formation. In conclusion, using mesenchymal stem cells in bone regeneration provides benefits in the quality of bone, similar or even superior to autologous bone, all this through a minimally invasive procedure.
ISSN:1660-4601
1661-7827
1660-4601
DOI:10.3390/ijerph18030894