Towards Dissecting the Mechanism of Protein Phosphatase‐1 Inhibition by Its C‐Terminal Phosphorylation

Phosphoprotein phosphatase‐1 (PP1) is a key player in the regulation of phospho‐serine (pSer) and phospho‐threonine (pThr) dephosphorylation and is involved in a large fraction of cellular signaling pathways. Aberrant activity of PP1 has been linked to many diseases, including cancer and heart failu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology 2021-03, Vol.22 (5), p.834-838
Main Authors: Salvi, Francesca, Hoermann, Bernhard, Pino García, Javier, Fontanillo, Miriam, Derua, Rita, Beullens, Monique, Bollen, Mathieu, Barabas, Orsolya, Köhn, Maja
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
biomimetic synthesis
Communication
Communications
Competition
Complex formation
Congestive heart failure
Dephosphorylation
Hypotheses
Mutation
peptides
Phenotypes
Phosphatase
Phosphoprotein phosphatase
Phosphorylation
Protein phosphatase
protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) regulation
protein semisynthesis
Proteins
Regulatory proteins
Semisynthesis
Serine
Substrates
Threonine
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Summary:Phosphoprotein phosphatase‐1 (PP1) is a key player in the regulation of phospho‐serine (pSer) and phospho‐threonine (pThr) dephosphorylation and is involved in a large fraction of cellular signaling pathways. Aberrant activity of PP1 has been linked to many diseases, including cancer and heart failure. Besides a well‐established activity control by regulatory proteins, an inhibitory function for phosphorylation (p) of a Thr residue in the C‐terminal intrinsically disordered tail of PP1 has been demonstrated. The associated phenotype of cell‐cycle arrest was repeatedly proposed to be due to autoinhibition of PP1 through either conformational changes or substrate competition. Here, we use PP1 variants created by mutations and protein semisynthesis to differentiate between these hypotheses. Our data support the hypothesis that pThr exerts its inhibitory function by mediating protein complex formation rather than by a direct mechanism of structural changes or substrate competition. Interrogating a mechanistic black box: Phosphoprotein phosphatase 1 (PP1) is among the major serine/threonine phosphatases and is involved in numerous pathways. Autoinhibition by phosphorylation of Thr320 at the C‐terminus leads to cell‐cycle arrest and neuronal defects. However, the mechanism underlying this regulatory phosphorylation site is unknown. Herein, we investigate potential mechanisms.
ISSN:1439-4227
1439-7633
DOI:10.1002/cbic.202000669