New Insights on the Role of TRP Channels in Calcium Signalling and Immunomodulation: Review of Pathways and Implications for Clinical Practice

Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the human body and is central to many physiological processes, including immune system activation and maintenance. Studies continue to reveal the intricacies of calcium signalling within the immune system. Perhaps the most well-understood mechanism of calcium...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology 2021-04, Vol.60 (2), p.271-292
Main Authors: Froghi, Saied, Grant, Charlotte R., Tandon, Radhika, Quaglia, Alberto, Davidson, Brian, Fuller, Barry
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Allergology
Animal models
Antigen presentation
Antigens
Arteriosclerosis
Atopy
Bactericidal activity
Calcium channels
Calcium influx
Calcium signalling
Cell activation
Chronic fatigue syndrome
Degranulation
Dendritic cells
Gastrointestinal diseases
Immune system
Immunology
Immunomodulation
Inflammatory bowel diseases
Internal Medicine
Intestine
Leukocytes (neutrophilic)
Macrophages
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Physiological aspects
Signal transduction
Transient receptor potential proteins
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Summary:Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the human body and is central to many physiological processes, including immune system activation and maintenance. Studies continue to reveal the intricacies of calcium signalling within the immune system. Perhaps the most well-understood mechanism of calcium influx into cells is store-operated calcium entry (SOCE), which occurs via calcium release-activated channels (CRACs). SOCE is central to the activation of immune system cells; however, more recent studies have demonstrated the crucial role of other calcium channels, including transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. In this review, we describe the expression and function of TRP channels within the immune system and outline associations with murine models of disease and human conditions. Therefore, highlighting the importance of TRP channels in disease and reviewing potential. The TRP channel family is significant, and its members have a continually growing number of cellular processes. Within the immune system, TRP channels are involved in a diverse range of functions including T and B cell receptor signalling and activation, antigen presentation by dendritic cells, neutrophil and macrophage bactericidal activity, and mast cell degranulation. Not surprisingly, these channels have been linked to many pathological conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, chronic fatigue syndrome and myalgic encephalomyelitis, atherosclerosis, hypertension and atopy.
ISSN:1080-0549
1559-0267
DOI:10.1007/s12016-020-08824-3