Sulforaphane-enriched extracts from glucoraphanin-rich broccoli exert antimicrobial activity against gut pathogens in vitro and innovative cooking methods increase in vivo intestinal delivery of sulforaphane

Purpose Studies on broccoli ( Brassica oleracea var. italica ) indicate beneficial effects against a range of chronic diseases, commonly attributed to their bioactive phytochemicals. Sulforaphane, the bioactive form of glucoraphanin, is formed by the action of the indigenous enzyme myrosinase. This...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:European journal of nutrition 2021-04, Vol.60 (3), p.1263-1276
Main Authors: Abukhabta, Salah, Khalil Ghawi, Sameer, Karatzas, Kimon Andreas, Charalampopoulos, Dimitris, McDougall, Gordon, Allwood, J. Will, Verrall, Susan, Lavery, Siobhan, Latimer, Cheryl, Pourshahidi, L. Kirsty, Lawther, Roger, O’Connor, Gloria, Rowland, Ian, Gill, Chris I. R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anti-Infective Agents
Antimicrobial activity
Antimicrobial agents
Bioavailability
Biological activity
Brassica
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Chronic illnesses
Colon
Cooking
Cross-Over Studies
Gastrointestinal tract
Glucosinolates
Humans
Ileum
Isothiocyanates
Nutrition
Original Contribution
Oximes
Pathogens
Phytochemicals
Plant Extracts - pharmacology
Seeds
Small intestine
Sulforaphane
Sulfoxides
Vegetables
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Summary:Purpose Studies on broccoli ( Brassica oleracea var. italica ) indicate beneficial effects against a range of chronic diseases, commonly attributed to their bioactive phytochemicals. Sulforaphane, the bioactive form of glucoraphanin, is formed by the action of the indigenous enzyme myrosinase. This study explored the role that digestion and cooking practices play in bioactivity and bioavailability, especially the rarely considered dose delivered to the colon. Methods The antimicrobial activity of sulforaphane extracts from raw, cooked broccoli and cooked broccoli plus mustard seeds (as a source myrosinase) was assessed. The persistence of broccoli phytochemicals in the upper gastrointestinal tract was analysed in the ileal fluid of 11 ileostomates fed, in a cross-over design, broccoli soup prepared with and without mustard seeds. Results The raw broccoli had no antimicrobial activity, except against Bacillus cereus , but cooked broccoli (with and without mustard seeds) showed considerable antimicrobial activity against various tested pathogens. The recovery of sulforaphane in ileal fluids post soup consumption was 
ISSN:1436-6207
1436-6215
DOI:10.1007/s00394-020-02322-0