Serum and Dietary Vitamin D in Individuals with Class II and III Obesity: Prevalence and Association with Metabolic Syndrome

• Published in: Nutrients 2021-06, Vol.13 (7), p.2138
• Main Authors: Silveira, Erika Aparecida, Cardoso, Camila Kellen de Souza, Moura, Letícia de Almeida Nogueira E, Dos Santos Rodrigues, Ana Paula, de Oliveira, Cesar
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Alfacalcidol; Blood cholesterol; Blood sugar; Body mass index; Calcifediol; Calciferol; Cholesterol; Diet - adverse effects; Diet - statistics & numerical data; Diet Surveys; Female; High density lipoprotein; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Metabolic disorders; Metabolic syndrome; Metabolic Syndrome - epidemiology; Metabolic Syndrome - etiology; Middle Aged; Multivariate analysis; Nutrient deficiency; Obesity; Obesity - blood; Obesity - classification; Obesity - complications; Poisson density functions; Poisson Distribution; Prevalence; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Regression Analysis; Risk Factors; Triglycerides; Type 2 diabetes; Vitamin D; Vitamin D - analysis; Vitamin D Deficiency - epidemiology; Vitamin D Deficiency - etiology; Vitamin deficiency; Womens health; Young Adult
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu13072138

The association between vitamin D deficiency and metabolic syndrome (MS) in severe obesity is unclear and controversial. We analyzed serum and dietary vitamin D and their association with MS in 150 adults with class II and III obesity (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m ) from the DieTBra Trial (NCT02463435). MS parameters were high fasting blood glucose, low HDL cholesterol, high triglycerides, elevated waist circumference, and hypertension. Vitamin D deficiency was considered as a level < 20 ng/mL. We performed multivariate Poisson regression adjusted for sociodemographic and lifestyle variables. The prevalence of serum vitamin D deficiency was 13.3% (mean 29.9 ± 9.4 ng/mL) and dietary vitamin D median was 51.3 IU/day. There were no significant associations between vitamin D, serum, and diet and sociodemographic variables, lifestyle, and class of obesity. Serum vitamin D deficiency was associated with age ≥ 50 years ( = 0.034). After a fully adjusted multivariate Poisson regression, MS and its parameters were not associated with serum or dietary vitamin D, except for lower HDL, which was associated with serum vitamin D deficiency (PR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.52-0.97; = 0.029). Severe obese individuals had a low prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, which was not associated with MS.