Elevated RGMA Expression Predicts Poor Prognosis in Patients with Glioblastoma

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive type of human brain tumor with a poor prognosis and a low survival rate. Secreted proteins from tumors are recently considered as important modulators to promote tumorigenesis by communicating with microenvironments. Repulsive guidance molecule A (RGMA) was...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:OncoTargets and therapy 2021-01, Vol.14, p.4867-4878
Main Authors: Phan, Thi Le, Kim, Hyun-Jin, Lee, Suk Jun, Choi, Moon-Chang, Kim, Sung-Hak
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Axon guidance
Brain cancer
Brain tumors
Datasets
Embryogenesis
Gene expression
Gene set enrichment analysis
Genes
Genomes
Genomics
Glioblastoma
Glioblastoma multiforme
Glioma
Glioma cells
Growth factors
Malignancy
Medical prognosis
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Microenvironments
Nervous system
Original Research
Patients
Polymerase chain reaction
Prognosis
Proteins
RNA
Stem cells
Survival analysis
Tumorigenesis
Tumors
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Summary:Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive type of human brain tumor with a poor prognosis and a low survival rate. Secreted proteins from tumors are recently considered as important modulators to promote tumorigenesis by communicating with microenvironments. Repulsive guidance molecule A (RGMA) was initially characterized as an axon guidance molecule after secretion in the brain during embryogenesis but has not been studied in GBM. In this study, we investigated secreted gene expression patterns and the correlation between RGMA expression and prognosis in GBM using in silico analysis. mRNA levels in normal human astrocyte (NHA), human glioma cells, and GBM patient-derived glioma stem cells (GSCs) were assessed by qRT-PCR. Patient survival analysis was performed with the Kaplan-Meier curve and univariate and multivariate analyses using publicly available datasets. The predictive roles of RGMA in progressive malignancy were evaluated using Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). mRNA expression was elevated in glioma cells and GSCs compared with NHA and correlated with unfavorable prognosis in glioma patients. Thus, RGMA could serve as an independent predictive factor for GBM. Furthermore, the increased levels of RGMA expression and its putative receptor, neogenin (NEO1), were associated with poor patient survival rates in GBM. We identified RGMA as an independent prognostic biomarker for progressive malignancy in glioblastoma and address the possibilities to develop novel therapeutic strategies against glioblastoma.
ISSN:1178-6930
1178-6930
DOI:10.2147/OTT.S317285