Humoral immune response after COVID-19 in multiple sclerosis: A nation-wide Austrian study

Background: Knowledge on immunity after SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) and the impact of disease-modifying treatment (DMT) is limited. Objective: To evaluate degree, duration and potential predictors of specific humoral immune response in pwMS with prior COVID-19. Me...

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Published in:Multiple sclerosis 2021-12, Vol.27 (14), p.2209-2218
Main Authors: Bsteh, Gabriel, Dürauer, Sophie, Assar, Hamid, Hegen, Harald, Heschl, Bettina, Leutmezer, Fritz, Pauli, Franziska Di, Gradl, Christiane, Traxler, Gerhard, Zulehner, Gudrun, Rommer, Paulus, Wipfler, Peter, Guger, Michael, Höftberger, Romana, Enzinger, Christian, Berger, Thomas
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
CD20 antigen
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Humoral immunity
Immune response (humoral)
Immunomodulation
Monoclonal antibodies
Multiple sclerosis
Multivariate analysis
Original Research Papers
Patients
Regression analysis
Rituximab
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Vaccination
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Summary:Background: Knowledge on immunity after SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) and the impact of disease-modifying treatment (DMT) is limited. Objective: To evaluate degree, duration and potential predictors of specific humoral immune response in pwMS with prior COVID-19. Methods: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing was performed in pwMS with PCR-confirmed diagnosis of symptomatic COVID-19 from a nation-wide registry. Predictors of seropositivity were identified by multivariate regression models. Results: In 125 pwMS (mean age = 42.4 years (SD = 12.3 years), 70% female), anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were detected in 76.0% after a median of 5.2 months from positive PCR. Seropositivity rate was significantly lower in patients on IS-DMT (61.4%, p = 0.001) than without DMT or immunomodulatory DMT (80.6%; 86.0%, respectively). In multivariate analysis, IS-DMT was associated with reduced probability of seropositivity (odds ratio (OR): 0.51; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.17–0.82; p 
ISSN:1352-4585
1477-0970
DOI:10.1177/13524585211049391