Hugin⁺ neurons provide a link between sleep homeostat and circadian clock neurons

Sleep is controlled by homeostatic mechanisms, which drive sleep after wakefulness, and a circadian clock, which confers the 24-h rhythm of sleep. These processes interact with each other to control the timing of sleep in a daily cycle as well as following sleep deprivation. However, the mechanisms...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 2021-11, Vol.118 (47), p.1-10
Main Authors: Schwarz, Jessica E., King, Anna N., Hsu, Cynthia T., Barber, Annika F., Sehgal, Amita
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ablation
Animals
Biological clocks
Biological Sciences
Circadian Clocks - physiology
Circadian rhythm
Circadian rhythms
Circuits
Driver fatigue
Drosophila melanogaster - genetics
Drosophila melanogaster - physiology
Drosophila Proteins - genetics
Drosophila Proteins - metabolism
Female
Homeostasis
Loci
Locomotion
Locomotor activity
Mutation
Neurogenesis
Neurons
Neurons - physiology
Neuropeptides - genetics
Neuropeptides - metabolism
Peptides
Recovery
Sleep - physiology
Sleep and wakefulness
Sleep Deprivation
Wakefulness
Wakefulness - physiology
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Summary:Sleep is controlled by homeostatic mechanisms, which drive sleep after wakefulness, and a circadian clock, which confers the 24-h rhythm of sleep. These processes interact with each other to control the timing of sleep in a daily cycle as well as following sleep deprivation. However, the mechanisms by which they interact are poorly understood. We show here that hugin⁺ neurons, previously identified as neurons that function downstream of the clock to regulate rhythms of locomotor activity, are also targets of the sleep homeostat. Sleep deprivation decreases activity of hugin⁺ neurons, likely to suppress circadian-driven activity during recovery sleep, and ablation of hugin⁺ neurons promotes sleep increases generated by activation of the homeostatic sleep locus, the dorsal fan-shaped body (dFB). Also, mutations in peptides produced by the hugin⁺ locus increase recovery sleep following deprivation. Transsynaptic mapping reveals that hugin⁺ neurons feed back onto central clock neurons, which also show decreased activity upon sleep loss, in a Hugin peptide–dependent fashion. We propose that hugin⁺ neurons integrate circadian and sleep signals to modulate circadian circuitry and regulate the timing of sleep.
ISSN:0027-8424
1091-6490
DOI:10.1073/pnas.2111183118