Exosomes Derived from M2 Macrophages Exert a Therapeutic Effect via Inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway in Rats with Knee Osteoarthritic

Macrophages are commonly classified as M1 macrophages or M2 macrophages. M2 macrophages are obtained by stimulation of IL-4 with anti-inflammatory and tissue repair effects. Exosomes are 30–150 nm lipid bilayer membrane vesicles derived from most living cells and have a variety of biological functio...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	BioMed research international 2021, Vol.2021 (1), p.7218067
Main Authors:	Da-wa, Zha Xi, Jun, Ma, Chao-Zheng, Liu, Sen-Lin, Yang, Chuan, Lu, De-chun, Li, Zu-Nan, Dong, Hong-tao, Zhao, Shu-qing, Wei, Xian-wei, Pei, Wenbo, Liu, Ke-wen, Li
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Subjects:	1-Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase Aggrecan AKT protein Animals Antibodies Apoptosis Arthritis Autoimmune diseases Biomedical materials Biomedical research Care and treatment Cartilage Cartilage (articular) Cartilage diseases Cbfa-1 protein Collagenase 3 Diagnosis Disease Models, Animal Ethanol Exosomes Exosomes - metabolism Flow cytometry Health aspects Inflammation Inflammation - metabolism Inflammatory response Interleukin 4 Knee Lipid bilayers Lipids Macrophages Macrophages - metabolism Male Medical research Membrane vesicles Osteoarthritis Osteoarthritis, Knee - metabolism Phenotypes Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases - metabolism Physiological aspects Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt - metabolism Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Signal transduction Signal Transduction - physiology TOR protein TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases - metabolism Transmission electron microscopy Western blotting
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