IL-1β Inhibition Reduces Atherosclerotic Inflammation in HIV Infection

• Published in: Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2018-12, Vol.72 (22), p.2809-2811
• Main Authors: Hsue, Priscilla Y., Li, Danny, Ma, Yifei, Ishai, Amorina, Manion, Maura, Nahrendorf, Matthias, Ganz, Peter, Ridker, Paul M, Deeks, Steven G., Tawakol, Ahmed
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome; Aged; AIDS; Antibodies, Monoclonal - pharmacology; Antibodies, Monoclonal - therapeutic use; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antiretroviral drugs; Arteriosclerosis; Atherosclerosis; Atherosclerosis - diagnostic imaging; Atherosclerosis - drug therapy; Bone marrow; Cardiology; CD4 antigen; Cell activation; Coagulation; Cryopreservation; Female; HIV; HIV Infections - diagnostic imaging; HIV Infections - drug therapy; Human immunodeficiency virus; Humans; IL-1β; Immune response; Inflammation; Inflammation - diagnostic imaging; Inflammation - drug therapy; Interleukin-1beta - antagonists & inhibitors; Leukocytes (mononuclear); Lymphocytes T; Male; Middle Aged; Monocytes; Peripheral blood mononuclear cells; Pilot Projects; Risk analysis; Risk factors
• ISSN: 0735-1097; 1558-3597
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.09.038

Ten treated and suppressed HIV-infected individuals with ≥400 CD4 T-cells/mm3, who were ≥40 years of age and with established CVD or 1 risk factor received a single subcutaneous dose of 150 mg canakinumab. Cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells were assayed for inflammatory/coagulation markers, immune activation, and monocyte subsets. Furthermore, bone marrow FDG-PET signal (a measure of leukopoiesis) decreased (mean TBR ± SD: 3.78 ± 0.72 vs. 3.37 ± 0.55, week 0 vs. week 8; p = 0.001) alongside arterial inflammation (mean target-to-background ratio ± SD: 3.29 ± 0.57 vs. 2.97 ± 0.64; p = 0.046) (Figure 1).