Correlation between olfactory function, age, sex, and cognitive reserve index in the Italian population

Purpose Loss of smell decreases the quality of life and contributes to the failure in recognizing hazardous substances. Given the relevance of olfaction in daily life, it is important to recognize an undiagnosed olfactory dysfunction to prevent these possible complications. Up to now, the prevalence...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology 2022-10, Vol.279 (10), p.4943-4952
Main Authors: Masala, Carla, Cavazzana, Annachiara, Sanna, Fabrizio, Cecchini, Maria Paola, Zanini, Alice, Gasperi, Flavia, Menghi, Leonardo, Endrizzi, Isabella, Borgogno, Monica, Drago, Serena, Cantone, Elena, Ciofalo, Andrea, Macchi, Alberto, Monti, Giulia, Parma, Valentina, Piochi, Maria, Pinna, Ilenia, Torri, Luisa, Cabrino, Giorgia, Ottaviano, Giancarlo, Pendolino, Alfonso Luca, Pignatelli, Angela, Pighin, Faride, Bochicchio, Vincenzo, Motta, Gaetano, Fontana, Giorgia, Pasquariello, Benedetta, Cavaliere, Carlo, Iacono, Valentina, Hummel, Thomas
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Head and Neck Surgery
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Neurosurgery
Otorhinolaryngology
Rhinology
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Purpose Loss of smell decreases the quality of life and contributes to the failure in recognizing hazardous substances. Given the relevance of olfaction in daily life, it is important to recognize an undiagnosed olfactory dysfunction to prevent these possible complications. Up to now, the prevalence of smell disorders in Italy is unknown due to a lack of epidemiological studies. Hence, the primary aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in a sample of Italian adults. Methods Six hundred and thirty-three participants (347 woman and 286 men; mean age 44.9 years, SD 17.3, age range 18–86) were recruited from 10 distinct Italian regions. Participants were recruited using a convenience sapling and were divided into six different age groups: 18–29 years ( N  = 157), 30–39 years ( N  = 129), 40–49 years ( N  = 99), 50–59 years ( N  = 106), > 60 years ( N  = 142). Olfactory function, cognitive abilities, cognitive reserve, and depression were assessed, respectively, with: Sniffin’ Sticks 16-item Odor Identification Test, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Cognitive Reserve Index, and the Beck Depression Inventory. Additionally, socio-demographic data, medical history, and health-related lifestyle information were collected. Results About 27% of participants showed an odor identification score 
ISSN:0937-4477
1434-4726
DOI:10.1007/s00405-022-07311-z