Worry and rumination predict insomnia in patients with coronary heart disease: a cross-sectional study with long-term follow-up

Insomnia is highly prevalent and associated with anxiety and depression in patients with coronary heart disease patients. The development of effective psychological interventions is needed. Worry and rumination are potential risk factors for the maintenance of insomnia, anxiety, and depression that...

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Published in:Journal of clinical sleep medicine 2022-03, Vol.18 (3), p.779-787
Main Authors: Frøjd, Lars Aastebøl, Papageorgiou, Costas, Munkhaugen, John, Moum, Torbjørn, Sverre, Elise, Nordhus, Inger Hilde, Dammen, Toril
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anxiety - complications
Anxiety - psychology
Coronary Disease - complications
Cross-Sectional Studies
Depression - complications
Depression - psychology
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Scientific Investigations
Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders - complications
Surveys and Questionnaires
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Summary:Insomnia is highly prevalent and associated with anxiety and depression in patients with coronary heart disease patients. The development of effective psychological interventions is needed. Worry and rumination are potential risk factors for the maintenance of insomnia, anxiety, and depression that may be modified by psychological treatment grounded in the Self-Regulatory Executive Function model. However, the relationships between worry, rumination, anxiety and depression, and insomnia are not known. Therefore, we investigated these relationships both cross-sectionally and longitudinally among patients with coronary heart disease. A cross-sectional study consecutively included 1,082 patients in 2014-2015, and 686 were followed up after mean of 4.7 years. Data were gathered from hospital records and self-report questionnaires comprising assessment of worry (Penn State Worry Questionnaire), rumination (Ruminative Responses Scale), anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), and insomnia (Bergen Insomnia Scale). Insomnia correlated moderately with all other psychological variables ( 0.18-0.50, all values 
ISSN:1550-9389
1550-9397
DOI:10.5664/jcsm.9712