Edited magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the neonatal brain

J-difference-edited spectroscopy is a valuable approach for the detection of low-concentration metabolites with magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Currently, few edited MRS studies are performed in neonates due to suboptimal signal-to-noise ratio, relatively long acquisition times, and vulnerabi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Neuroradiology 2022-02, Vol.64 (2), p.217-232
Main Authors: Song, Yulu, Lally, Peter J., Yanez Lopez, Maria, Oeltzschner, Georg, Nebel, Mary Beth, Gagoski, Borjan, Kecskemeti, Steven, Hui, Steve C. N., Zöllner, Helge J., Shukla, Deepika, Arichi, Tomoki, De Vita, Enrico, Yedavalli, Vivek, Thayyil, Sudhin, Fallin, Daniele, Dean, Douglas C., Grant, P. Ellen, Wisnowski, Jessica L., Edden, Richard A. E.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age
Brain
Brain - diagnostic imaging
Child
gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
Humans
Imaging
Infant, Newborn
Literature reviews
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Metabolism
Metabolites
Neonates
Neuroimaging
Neurology
Neuroradiology
Neurosciences
Neurosurgery
Neurotransmitters
Newborn babies
Pediatrics
Radiology
Resonance
Review
Signal to noise ratio
Spectroscopy
Spectrum analysis
Structure-function relationships
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Summary:J-difference-edited spectroscopy is a valuable approach for the detection of low-concentration metabolites with magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Currently, few edited MRS studies are performed in neonates due to suboptimal signal-to-noise ratio, relatively long acquisition times, and vulnerability to motion artifacts. Nonetheless, the technique presents an exciting opportunity in pediatric imaging research to study rapid maturational changes of neurotransmitter systems and other metabolic systems in early postnatal life. Studying these metabolic processes is vital to understanding the widespread and rapid structural and functional changes that occur in the first years of life. The overarching goal of this review is to provide an introduction to edited MRS for neonates, including the current state-of-the-art in editing methods and editable metabolites, as well as to review the current literature applying edited MRS to the neonatal brain. Existing challenges and future opportunities, including the lack of age-specific reference data, are also discussed.
ISSN:0028-3940
1432-1920
DOI:10.1007/s00234-021-02821-9