A Scoping Review of Dietary Factors Conferring Risk or Protection for Cognitive Decline in APOE ε4 Carriers

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disease. The strongest genetic risk factor for sporadic AD is carriage of the ε4 allele of the Apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene. Strategies to slow the progression of AD, including dietary interventions, may be modified by the pathoge...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of nutrition, health & aging health & aging, 2021, Vol.25 (10), p.1167-1178
Main Authors: Fote, Gianna M., Geller, N. R., Reyes-Ortiz, A. M., Thompson, L. M., Steffan, J. S., Grill, Joshua D.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aging
Alleles
Alzheimer Disease - genetics
Alzheimer Disease - pathology
Alzheimer Disease - prevention & control
Alzheimer's disease
Apolipoprotein E4 - genetics
Cognitive Dysfunction - genetics
Cognitive Dysfunction - prevention & control
Dementia
Diet
Genotype
Genotype & phenotype
Geriatrics/Gerontology
Health risks
Humans
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Neurosciences
Nutrition
Older people
Primary Care Medicine
Quality of Life Research
Review
Systematic review
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Summary:Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disease. The strongest genetic risk factor for sporadic AD is carriage of the ε4 allele of the Apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene. Strategies to slow the progression of AD, including dietary interventions, may be modified by the pathogenic effect of this polymorphism. Our objective in this review was to determine the extent and quality of the literature investigating how dietary factors and interventions interact with the APOE ε4 genotype to impact cognitive decline in AD. To that end, we performed a systematic scoping review of published English-language articles involving human subjects. We found evidence suggesting that adherence to a Mediterranean diet may reduce cognitive decline among APOE ε4 carriers, whereas ketogenic agents appear to be ineffective. Diets high in saturated fats may be particularly harmful for APOE ε4 carriers. We identified several topics, including the use of ω-3 fatty acid and antioxidant supplements, for which additional high level evidence is needed.
ISSN:1279-7707
1760-4788
DOI:10.1007/s12603-021-1705-4