Factors that Moderate the Effect of Nitrate Ingestion on Exercise Performance in Adults: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses and Meta-Regressions

To identify how variables such as exercise condition, supplementation strategy, participant characteristics and demographics, and practices that control oral microbiota diversity could modify the effect of inorganic nitrate ingestion (as nitrate salt supplements, beetroot juice, and nitrate-rich veg...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) Md.), 2022-10, Vol.13 (5), p.1866-1881
Main Authors: Silva, Kaio Vinicius C, Costa, Breno Duarte, Gomes, Aline Corado, Saunders, Bryan, Mota, João Felipe
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Beta vulgaris
Dietary Supplements
Eating
exercise
Humans
hypoxia
nitrate supplementation
Nitrates - pharmacology
nitric oxide
oral microbiota
Oxygen
Performance-Enhancing Substances
Review
Salts
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Summary:To identify how variables such as exercise condition, supplementation strategy, participant characteristics and demographics, and practices that control oral microbiota diversity could modify the effect of inorganic nitrate ingestion (as nitrate salt supplements, beetroot juice, and nitrate-rich vegetables) on exercise performance, we conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis. Studies were identified in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases. Eligibility criteria included randomized controlled trials assessing the effect of inorganic nitrate on exercise performance in healthy adults. To assess the variation in effect size, we used meta-regression models for continuous variables and subgroup analysis for categorical variables. A total of 123 studies were included in this meta-analysis, comprising 1705 participants. Nitrate was effective for improving exercise performance (standardized mean difference [SMD]: 0.101; 95% CI: 0.051, 0.151, P
ISSN:2161-8313
2156-5376
DOI:10.1093/advances/nmac054