Proteomic Analysis of Decellularized Extracellular Matrix: Achieving a Competent Biomaterial for Osteogenesis

Decellularized ECMs have been used as biological scaffolds for tissue repair due to their tissue-specific biochemical and mechanical composition, poorly simulated by other materials. It is used as patches and powders, and it could be further processed via enzymatic digestion under acidic conditions...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BioMed research international 2022-10, Vol.2022, p.1-18
Main Authors: Monteiro-Lobato, Gabriela M., Russo, Pedro S. T., Winck, Flavia V., Catalani, Luiz H.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
3-D printers
Acids
Biological activity
Biomaterials
Biomedical materials
Biomedical research
Biopolymer denaturation
Bone marrow
Bones
Cell proliferation
Circular dichroism
Collagen
Dichroism
Digestion
Extracellular matrix
Growth
Health aspects
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Mesenchyme
Osteoblastogenesis
Osteogenesis
Pepsin
Peptides
Pericardium
Protein denaturation
Proteins
Proteomics
Software
Stem cells
Tissue engineering
Tissues
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Summary:Decellularized ECMs have been used as biological scaffolds for tissue repair due to their tissue-specific biochemical and mechanical composition, poorly simulated by other materials. It is used as patches and powders, and it could be further processed via enzymatic digestion under acidic conditions using pepsin. However, part of the bioactivity is lost during the digestion process due to protein denaturation. Here, stepwise digestion was developed to prepare a competent biomaterial for osteogenesis from three different ECM sources. In addition, three different proteases were compared to evaluate the most effective digestion protocol for specific cellular processes. GAGs and peptide quantification showed that the stepwise method yielded a higher concentration of bioactive residues. Circular dichroism analysis also showed that the stepwise approach preserved the secondary structures better. The protein profiles of the digested ECMs were analyzed, and it was found to be highly diverse and tissue-specific. The digestion of ECM from pericardium produced peptides originated from 94 different proteins, followed by 48 proteins in ECM from tendon and 35 proteins in ECM from bone. In addition, digested products from pericardium ECM yielded increased proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to mature osteoblasts.
ISSN:2314-6133
2314-6141
DOI:10.1155/2022/6884370