Higher incidence of diffuse Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis in patients with ruptured cruciate ligament: A case report

• Published in: International journal of surgery case reports 2022-11, Vol.100, p.107720, Article 107720
• Main Authors: Chen, Xi, Li, Ping, Zhang, Wenhui, Yin, Xiaopeng, Ma, Qunying, Wang, Kun
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anterior cruciate ligament; Arthroscopy; Case Report; Knee joint; Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis
• ISSN: 2210-2612; 2210-2612
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2022.107720

Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis (PVNS) is a kind of extremely rare and not easily diagnosed disease, while the occurrence following the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is comparably high. Here we reported 2 patients presenting knee swelling, pain, and giving away symptoms following a rupture of ACL history. Clinical and radiological findings were supportive of ACL rupture and PVNS, prompting the patient to undergo surgery. The synovium was completely removed with the help of an arthroscope. Reconstruction of the ruptured ACL was carried out a few months later. At the last follow-up visit, both the patients were doing well with no recurrence of pain, swelling, or give way sensation. The diagnosis of PVNS is often difficult because in the early stages, symptoms are often non-specific and pathological examination remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of PVNS. We have reviewed some of the previously reported literature on PVNS, suggesting that joint instability may be an important risk factor for PVNS and summarizing the treatment options for PVNS. More attention should be paid to the incidence of PVNS in patients with joint instability, particularly in patients with cruciate ligament injuries. Early and reliable stabilization of the joint may significantly prevent PVNS and ensure a better clinical outcome. •The probability of developing pigmented villonodular synovitis after anterior cruciate ligament rupture is high and mostly diffuse.•Age and joint instability may be important risk factors for pigmented villonodular synovitis.