Does Exercise Training Improve Cardiac-Parasympathetic Nervous System Activity in Sedentary People? A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

The aim of this study was to investigate the training-induced effect on cardiac parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) activity, assessed by resting heart rate variability (HRV) and post-exercise heart rate recovery (HRR), in sedentary healthy people. Electronic searches were carried out in PubMed, Em...

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Published in:International journal of environmental research and public health 2022-10, Vol.19 (21), p.13899
Main Authors: Casanova-Lizón, Antonio, Manresa-Rocamora, Agustín, Flatt, Andrew A, Sarabia, José Manuel, Moya-Ramón, Manuel
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aerobics
Chi-square test
Confidence intervals
Exercise
Exercise - physiology
Fitness training programs
Heart
Heart rate
Heart Rate - physiology
Heterogeneity
Humans
Hypertension
Influence
Intervention
Meta-analysis
Nervous system
Parasympathetic Nervous System
Physical fitness
Physical training
Review
Sedentary behavior
Statistical analysis
Strength training
Subgroups
Systematic review
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Summary:The aim of this study was to investigate the training-induced effect on cardiac parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) activity, assessed by resting heart rate variability (HRV) and post-exercise heart rate recovery (HRR), in sedentary healthy people. Electronic searches were carried out in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. Random-effects models of between-group standardised mean difference (SMD) were estimated. Heterogeneity analyses were performed by means of the chi-square test and index. Subgroup analyses and meta-regressions were performed to investigate the influence of potential moderator variables on the training-induced effect. The results showed a small increase in RMSSD (SMD = 0.57 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.23, 0.91]) and high frequency (HF) (SMD = 0.21 [95% CI = 0.01, 0.42]) in favour of the intervention group. Heterogeneity tests reached statistical significance for RMSSD and HF ( ≤ 0.001), and the inconsistency was moderate ( = 68% and 60%, respectively). We found higher training-induced effects on HF in studies that performed a shorter intervention or lower number of exercise sessions ( ≤ 0.001). Data were insufficient to investigate the effect of exercise training on HRR. Exercise training increases cardiac PNS modulation in sedentary people, while its effect on PNS tone requires future study.
ISSN:1660-4601
1661-7827
1660-4601
DOI:10.3390/ijerph192113899