Diversity and emergence of multi-resistant Staphylococcus spp. isolated from subclinical mastitis in cows in of the state of Piauí, Brazil

• Published in: Brazilian journal of microbiology 2022-12, Vol.53 (4), p.2215-2222
• Main Authors: de Oliveira, Raylson Pereira, da Silva, José Givanildo, Aragão, Breno Bezerra, de Carvalho, Rafaella Grenfell, Juliano, Maria Aparecida, Frazzon, Jeverson, Farias, Márcia Paula Oliveira, Mota, Rinaldo Aparecido
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Ampicillin; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Antibiotics; Antimicrobial agents; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Brazil - epidemiology; California mastitis test; Cattle; Dairy farming; Dairy farms; Farms; Female; Food Microbiology; Genes; Gentamicin; Humans; Ionization; Ions; Life Sciences; Mass spectroscopy; Mastitis; Mastitis, Bovine - microbiology; Medical Microbiology; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Microbial Ecology; Microbial Genetics and Genomics; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Microbiology; Milk - microbiology; Mycology; Penicillin; Polymerase chain reaction; Public health; Species diversity; Staphylococcal Infections - epidemiology; Staphylococcal Infections - microbiology; Staphylococcal Infections - veterinary; Staphylococcus; Staphylococcus - genetics; Vancomycin; Veterinary Microbiology - Research Paper
• ISSN: 1517-8382; 1678-4405
• DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00822-1

This research aimed to identify the diversity of bacterial species of the genus Staphylococcus spp. in subclinical mastitis in dairy herds in the state of Piauí, Northeastern Brazil, and to evaluate the phenotypic and genotypic resistance profile. Samples were obtained from a total of 17 dairy farms, amounting to 321 positive samples in the California Mastitis Test. Staphylococcus spp. were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy. Subsequently, an antibiogram was performed, and a polymerase chain reaction was carried out to screen for resistance genes in the isolates. Among all the isolates, 59.45% (110/185) belonged to the Staphylococcus genus. Moreover, the following Staphylococcus spp. were identified Staphylococcus aureus , 68.1% (75/110); Staphylococcus chromogenes , 12.7% (14/110); Staphylococcus epidermidis , 5.4% (6/110); Staphylococcus sciuri , 4.5% (5/110); Staphylococcus warneri , 2.7% (3/110); Staphylococcus haemolyticus , 1.8% (2/110); Staphylococcus hominis , 1.8% (2/110); Staphylococcus arlettae , 0.9% (1/110); Staphylococcus capitis , 0.9% (1/110); and Staphylococcus gallinarum , 0.9% (1/110). The antibiogram showed a high frequency of resistance to penicillin and ampicillin, 70.0% (77/110) and 61.8% (68/110), respectively, and a low frequency of resistance to gentamicin and vancomycin, 10.9% (12/110) and 11.8% (13/110), respectively. In the genotypic tests for the different species of Staphylococcus spp., the occurrence of the blaZ gene was observed in 60.9% (67/110) of the isolates, followed by tet L and tet M, both with 20.0% (22/110) each, and the mec A and van B genes were detected in 0.9% (1/110) of the samples. The identification of all Staphylococcus species isolated from subclinical mastitis cases and the phenotypic and genotypic resistance characterization in these isolates is of great importance for dairy farming in the state of Piauí, as well as for public health.