Characterizing Interoceptive Differences in Autism: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Case–control Studies

Interoception, the body’s perception of its own internal states, is thought to be altered in autism, though results of empirical studies have been inconsistent. The current study systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed the extant literature comparing interoceptive outcomes between autistic (AUT) a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of autism and developmental disorders 2023-03, Vol.53 (3), p.947-962
Main Authors: Williams, Zachary J., Suzman, Evan, Bordman, Samantha L., Markfeld, Jennifer E., Kaiser, Sophia M., Dunham, Kacie A., Zoltowski, Alisa R., Failla, Michelle D., Cascio, Carissa J., Woynaroski, Tiffany G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Attention
Autism
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Autism Spectrum Disorders
Autistic Disorder
Awareness
Bayes Theorem
Bayesian analysis
Bayesian Statistics
Behavioral Science and Psychology
Case-Control Studies
Child and School Psychology
Counting
Discrimination
Heart
Heart Rate
Humans
Interoception
Meta Analysis
Methods
Neurosciences
Pediatrics
Physiology
Psychology
Public Health
S:I: .Developmental Approach and Targeted Treatment of Sensory Alterations
Sensory Experience
Systematic review
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Summary:Interoception, the body’s perception of its own internal states, is thought to be altered in autism, though results of empirical studies have been inconsistent. The current study systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed the extant literature comparing interoceptive outcomes between autistic (AUT) and neurotypical (NT) individuals, determining which domains of interoception demonstrate robust between-group differences. A three-level Bayesian meta-analysis compared heartbeat counting performance, heartbeat discrimination performance, heartbeat counting confidence ratings, and self-reported interoceptive attention between AUT and NT groups (15 studies; n AUT  = 467, n NT  = 478). Autistic participants showed significantly reduced heartbeat counting performance [ g  = − 0.333, CrI 95% (− 0.535, − 0.138)] and higher confidence in their heartbeat counting abilities [ g  = 0.430, CrI 95% (0.123, 0.750)], but groups were equivalent on other meta-analyzed outcomes. Implications for future interoception research in autism are discussed.
ISSN:0162-3257
1573-3432
1573-3432
DOI:10.1007/s10803-022-05656-2