Extracorporeal and advanced therapies for progressive refractory near‐fatal acute severe asthma in children

Asthma is the most common chronic illness and is one of the most common medical emergencies in children. Progressive refractory near‐fatal asthma requiring intubation and mechanical ventilation can lead to death. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) can provide adequate gas exchange during acu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pediatric pulmonology 2020-06, Vol.55 (6), p.1311-1319
Main Authors: Medar, Shivanand S., Peek, Giles J., Rastogi, Deepa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anesthetics - therapeutic use
Asthma
Asthma - therapy
Child
ECMO
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation - adverse effects
Humans
Intubation
near‐fatal asthma
Pediatrics
refractory asthma
Respiration, Artificial
Respiratory therapy
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Summary:Asthma is the most common chronic illness and is one of the most common medical emergencies in children. Progressive refractory near‐fatal asthma requiring intubation and mechanical ventilation can lead to death. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) can provide adequate gas exchange during acute respiratory failure although data on outcomes in children requiring ECMO support for status asthmaticus is sparse with one study reporting survival rates of nearly 85% with asthma being one of the best outcome subsets for patients with refractory respiratory failure requiring ECMO support. We describe the current literature on the use of ECMO and other advanced extracorporeal therapies available for children with acute severe asthma. We also review other advanced invasive and noninvasive therapies in acute severe asthma both before and while on ECMO support.
ISSN:8755-6863
1099-0496
DOI:10.1002/ppul.24751