Factor analysis of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale in American Indian women

The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES‐D) is widely used to assess depressive symptoms in the general population. It lacks validation for widespread use within the American Indian population, however. To address this gap, we explored and confirmed the factor structure of the CE...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Research in nursing & health 2022-12, Vol.45 (6), p.733-741
Main Authors: Brooks, Jada L., Adams, Leslie B., Woods‐Giscombé, Cheryl L., Currin, Emily G., Corbie‐Smith, Giselle M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
American Indian
American Indian or Alaska Native
American Indians
Confirmatory factor analysis
Cross-Sectional Studies
depression
Depression - diagnosis
Depression - epidemiology
Epidemiology
Exploratory factor analysis
factor analysis
Factor Analysis, Statistical
Factor structures
Female
Humans
Mental depression
Middle Aged
Native North Americans
Psychometrics - methods
Reproducibility of Results
validity
women
Womens health
Young Adult
Young women
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Summary:The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES‐D) is widely used to assess depressive symptoms in the general population. It lacks validation for widespread use within the American Indian population, however. To address this gap, we explored and confirmed the factor structure of the CES‐D among a community sample of southeastern American Indian women. We analyzed data from a sample of 150 American Indian women ages 18–50 from a southeastern tribe who had complete responses on the CES‐D as part of a larger cross‐sectional, community‐engaged study. We performed exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to assess the measure's validity. We examined EFA models ranging from one to five factors, with the four‐factor structure yielding the best overall model fit (CFI = 1.00, TLI = 0.99, RMSEA = 0.03). Differences between the four‐factor EFA‐retained structure from our sample and Radloff's four‐factor structure emerged. Only the interpersonal factor was common to both factor structures. Our study findings confirm the validity of the original four‐factor structure of the CES‐D for younger adult American Indian women in the southeast. Contrasting findings with the EFA‐retained structure, however, provide a more nuanced interpretation of our results.
ISSN:0160-6891
1098-240X
DOI:10.1002/nur.22267