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FROM ANTHESIS TO DIASPORE DISPERSAL: REPRODUCTIVE MECHANISMS OF RARE HERBACEOUS MORACEAE SPECIES ENDEMIC TO BRAZIL

Studies on the reproductive biology of Dorstenia species are scarce. We analyzed the sexuality, floral biology, and diaspore dispersal of Dorstenia arifolia and D. bonijesu, including their breeding systems and pollinators, in natural populations from Minas Gerais state, southeastern Brazil. We repo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Darwiniana 2017-07, Vol.5 (1), p.83-92
Main Authors: de Araújo, Luzia Márcia, Valentin-Silva, Adriano, Fernandes, Geraldo W., Vieira, Milene F.
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Studies on the reproductive biology of Dorstenia species are scarce. We analyzed the sexuality, floral biology, and diaspore dispersal of Dorstenia arifolia and D. bonijesu, including their breeding systems and pollinators, in natural populations from Minas Gerais state, southeastern Brazil. We report here, for the first time, the occurrence of both unisexual (male) and bisexual coenanthia on the same individuals of Dorstenia arifolia, while only bisexual coenanthia were observed in D. bonijesu. In both species all coenanthia were long-lived and bisexual coenanthia were protogynous. We observed the occurrence of self-compatibility and myophily in Dorstenia arifolia, a species which was pollinated by small Lauxaniidae flies. Those insects not only used pollen as food resource but they also used coenanthia as oviposition sites, which is the first report to the studied species. Dorstenia bonijesu produced seeds, even having no floral visitors, suggesting an apomictic mechanism, which is a new breeding system reported to the genus. Both studied species are autochorous, but D. bonijesu also exhibited a peculiar type of hydrochory. The novelties reported herein indicate the need of additional studies to improve the understanding of the reproductive attributes of Dorstenia species. Los estudios sobre la biología reproductiva de las especies de Dorstenia son escasos. En este artículo analizamos la sexualidad, la biología floral y dispersión de las diásporas de Dorstenia arifolia y D. bonijesu, incluyendo sus sistemas reproductivos y polinizadores, en poblaciones naturales localizadas en el estado de Minas Gerais, sudeste de Brasil. Registramos, por primera vez, la presencia de cenantos unisexuales (masculinos) y bisexuales en un mismo individuo de Dorstenia arifolia; en cambio, sólo se observaron cenantos bisexuales en D. bonijesu. En ambas especies los cenantos fueron de larga duración, y los cenantos bisexuales exhibieron protoginia. Registramos autocompatibilidad y miofilia en Dorstenia arifolia, que fue polinizada por pequeñas moscas de la familia Lauxaniidae. Estos insectos no solo usan el polen como alimento sino que utilizan el cenanto como sitio de oviposición, siendo este un hecho registrado por primera vez para para las especies estudiadas. Dorstenia bonijesu, aún sin visitantes florales, también produce semillas mediante apomixis, un nuevo sistema reproductivo para el género. Las dos especies estudiadas son autocóricas; sin embargo, Dorstenia bonijesu e
ISSN:0011-6793
1850-1699
1850-1699
DOI:10.14522/darwiniana.2017.51.723