HEALTH-DISEASE-CARE PROCESS IN OLDER ADULTS LIVING IN RURAL AREAS: PERSPECTIVE OF CULTURALLY COHERENT CARE

• Published in: Texto & contexto enfermagem 2021, Vol.30
• Main Authors: Peters, Carla Weber, Lange, Celmira, Lemões, Marcos Aurélio Matos, Zillmer, Juliana Graciela Vestena, Schwartz, Eda, Llano, Patricia Mirapalheta Pereira de
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: NURSING
• ISSN: 0104-0707; 1980-265X; 1980-265X
• DOI: 10.1590/1980-265x-tce-2019-0302

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the health-disease-care process of the older adult living in rural areas. Method: a qualitative research study from the perspective of Madeleine Leininger's Theory of Diversity and Universality of Cultural Care, carried out with the participation of 19 older adults living in the rural area of a municipality in southern Brazil. Data collection took place in July and August 2018 by means of semi-structured interviews and simple observation. And data analysis was performed following Laurence Bardin's Content Analysis proposal. Results: the conceptions of health and disease of the older adult living in rural areas are mainly related to the ability and inability to perform the activities of daily living and work, especially with the land and animals. We highlight the care practices of older adults living in rural areas with regard to the use of medications, food consumption and the practice of physical exercise. In addition, the notion about their health condition and the capacity for self-management and adaptation to the challenges of the health-disease-care process. Conclusion: the health-disease-care process of older adults living in rural areas is influenced by social and cultural factors of the context in which they are inserted. This suggests the planning, implementation, development, evaluation and (re)formulation of health policies, programs and actions focused on providing culturally congruent care, which encompasses more than the singularities of the rural area, in the sense of dichotomy in relation to the urban area. RESUMO Objetivo: compreender o processo saúde-doença-cuidado do idoso residente em área rural. Método: pesquisa qualitativa na perspectiva da Teoria da Diversidade e Universalidade do Cuidado Cultural de Madeleine Leininger, realizada com a participação de 19 idosos residentes na área rural de um município da Região Sul do Brasil. A coleta de dados se deu nos meses de julho e agosto de 2018 por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e observação simples. E a análise de dados, mediante a proposta de Análise de Conteúdo de Laurence Bardin. Resultados: as concepções de saúde e doença dos idosos residentes em área rural encontram-se, principalmente, relacionadas à capacidade e incapacidade de realização das atividades da vida diária e do trabalho, sobretudo, com a terra e os animais. Destacam-se as práticas de cuidado dos idosos residentes em área rural no que diz respeito ao uso de medicamentos, ao consumo de