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TRADE THROUGH THE DESERT: LONG-TERM PERSPECTIVE ON GOODS, ANIMALS, AND POLITIES IN THE NEGEV
Caravan trade in the Near East, and in the Negev, is the culmination of millennia of cumulative social and technological development, essentially an expression of complex economy societies with large-scale markets. The origins of caravan trade systems are to be sought in the specifics of their histo...
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Published in: | Chungará 2019-03, Vol.51 (1), p.71-84 |
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Main Author: | |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
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Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | Caravan trade in the Near East, and in the Negev, is the culmination of millennia of cumulative social and technological development, essentially an expression of complex economy societies with large-scale markets. The origins of caravan trade systems are to be sought in the specifics of their historical circumstances. For example, Nabatean trade developed in the wake of the rise of market demand in the Classical Mediterranean for such goods as spices, incense, etc., and in the specific geographic context of the Negev as land bridge between the Tropics and the Mediterranean. A longer-term view of desert trade traces the precursors of caravans back to earlier systems of exchange between the desert and settled zones. Such a perspective offers a cumulative view of the contexts and development of such trade systems, beginning as early as the Epipaleolithic, and evolving through the Neolithic, Chalcolithic, Bronze and Iron Ages. In this sense, the historically specific trade systems of such groups as the Nabateans fit into a larger set of longer term patterns, ever more complex in terms of diversity of goods, their social functions, distance of travel, technologies of transport, bulk of goods, social and economic frameworks for the trade, and infrastructure investment.
El comercio de caravanas en el Cercano Oriente, y en el desierto del Néguev, representa la culminación de milenios de desarrollo tecnológico y social acumulativo. Es, esencialmente, una expresión de sociedades con economía compleja y con mercados a gran escala. Los orígenes del sistema de comercio de caravanas se deben buscar en los detalles de sus circunstancias históricas. Por ejemplo, el comercio nabateo se desarrolló tras el aumento de la demanda del mercado en el Mediterráneo clásico para bienes tales como especias, incienso, entre otras, y en el contexto geográfico específico del desierto del Néguev como un puente terrestre entre los Trópicos y el Mediterráneo. Una mirada a más largo plazo del comercio en el desierto permite rastrear a los precursores de las caravanas hasta sistemas más tempranos de intercambio entre el desierto y las zonas habitadas. Tal perspectiva ofrece una visión acumulativa de los contextos y del desarrollo de tales sistemas de comercio, comenzando en el Epipaleolítico para luego evolucionar durante el Neolítico, Calcolítico, y las Edades de Bronce y Hierro. En este sentido, los sistemas de comercio históricamente específicos de grupos tales como los nabateos encajan |
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ISSN: | 0716-1182 0717-7356 0717-7356 |
DOI: | 10.4067/S0717-73562019005000401 |