Physicochemical characteristics of tomato fruits for industrial processing according to the irrigation management

• Published in: Revista brasileira de engenharia agrícola e ambiental 2022-07, Vol.26 (7), p.513-519
• Main Authors: Silva, Cícero J. da, Silva, César A. da, Rodrigues, Rhayf E., Pontes, Nadson de C., Silva, Luiz F. M. da, Megguer, Clarice A.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING; ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
• ISSN: 1415-4366; 1807-1929; 1807-1929
• DOI: 10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n7p513-519

ABSTRACT This study was carried out to evaluate the postharvest quality of processing tomato fruits, submitted to irrigation depths and periods of suspension of irrigation before harvest, irrigated by subsurface drip in Cerrado areas in the southern region of Goiás State, Brazil, in 2015 and 2016. The experiments were established under a randomized block design, with four replicates arranged in a split plots scheme. In the plots, five irrigation depths were evaluated (50, 75, 100, 125 and 150% of the crop evapotranspiration) and, in the subplots, five periods of suspension of irrigation (0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days before harvest) were assessed. After harvesting, which occurred at 125 days after transplanting the seedlings, the average fruit mass, fruit shape (longitudinal and transversal diameter), total soluble solids content, titratable acidity, pH, firmness, pulp yield, and water productivity for pulp yield were evaluated. Irrigation deficit, with the replacement of less than 100% of crop evapotranspiration, allowed to save water but significantly reduced the size of the fruits and the production of concentrated pulp. The suspension of irrigation before harvest decreased pulp yield and fruit size. The highest water productivity for pulp yield of tomato fruits occurred under water deficit with 50% of crop evapotranspiration. Irrigation depths from 50 to 150% of crop evapotranspiration and suspension before harvest does not influence total soluble solids content, pH, and fruit firmness. RESUMO A pesquisa objetivou avaliar a qualidade pós-colheita de frutos de tomateiro para processamento industrial, submetido a lâminas de irrigação e períodos de corte de irrigação antes da colheita, irrigado por gotejamento subterrâneo em áreas de Cerrado na região Sul de Goiás, Brasil, nos anos de 2015 e 2016. Os experimentos foram instalados no delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições, em parcelas subdivididas. Nas parcelas avaliaram-se cinco lâminas de irrigação (50, 75, 100, 125 e 150% da evapotranspiração da cultura) e nas subparcelas cinco períodos de suspensão da irrigação (0, 7, 14, 21 e 28 dias antes da colheita). Após a colheita, que ocorreu aos 125 dias após o transplantio das mudas, foram avaliados a massa média de frutos, o formato dos frutos (diâmetro longitudinal e transversal), teor de sólidos solúveis totais, acidez titulável, pH, firmeza, rendimento de polpa e produtividade da água para rendimento de polpa. A irrigação deficitária, com reposi