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Association of arthrogryposis in neonates with microcephaly due to Zika virus - a case serie

Abstract Introduction: in 2015 an increasing number of congenital microcephaly cases were associated to maternal infection due to Zika virus. Some of these patients presented other alterations and arthrogryposis was the most frequently found. Arthrogryposis is defined as congenital joint contracture...

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Published in:Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil 2016-11, Vol.16 (suppl 1), p.S83-S88
Main Authors: Alvino, Ana Catarina Matos Ishigami, Mello, Luísa Rocha Medeiros de, Oliveira, Jucille do Amaral Meneses Meira de
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Abstract Introduction: in 2015 an increasing number of congenital microcephaly cases were associated to maternal infection due to Zika virus. Some of these patients presented other alterations and arthrogryposis was the most frequently found. Arthrogryposis is defined as congenital joint contractures involving at least two different areas of the body. Description: arthrogryposis was found in 18 patients with congenital microcephaly due to Zika virus. 67% of the cases were vaginal deliveries. 50% of resuscitation performed in the delivery room was necessary. The mean birth weight was 2.371g, gestational age was 39 weeks and the head circumference was 28.3cm, 15 (83%) of these patients presented severe microcephaly. All the neonates resulted in concomitant hip joints and some also had knees, ankles and wrists affected. Nine neonates (50%) presented an early respiratory distress and four (22%) died due to respiratory failure. Discussion: the neurological result found in patients with Congenital Zika Syndrome seems to be associated to the maternal infection period. During the early stages of embryogenesis, in addition to microcephaly, could be related to the peripheral motor nerves leading to fetal akinesia, joint stiffness and arthrogryposis. These neonates tend to present greater morbimortality with the worst prognosis. Resumo Introdução: em 2015 observou-se um crescente número de casos de microcefalia congênita associada à infecção materna pelo Zika vírus. Em alguns destes pacientes outras alterações foram encontradas, sendo a mais frequente a artrogripose. Esta é definida como contraturas articulares congênitas envolvendo no mínimo duas diferentes áreas do corpo. Descrição: em 18 pacientes com microcefalia congênita pelo Zika vírus foi encontrada artrogripose associada. A via de parto foi transpelviana em 67% dos casos. A reanimação em sala de parto foi necessária em 50%. A média de peso ao nascimento foi de 2.371g; da idade gestacional de 39,2 semanas e a encontrada para o perímetro cefálico foi 28,3cm, representando microcefalia severa em 15 (83%) pacientes. Todos os neonatos apresentaram acometimento do quadril e em alguns houve comprometimento concomitante das articulações de joelhos, tornozelos e punhos. Nove neonatos (50%) apresentaram desconforto respiratório precoce e quatro (22%) evoluíram para óbito. Discussão: o comprometimento neurológico dos pacientes com Síndrome de Zika congênita parece estar associado ao momento da infecção materna. O acome
ISSN:1519-3829
1806-9304
1519-3829
DOI:10.1590/1806-9304201600s100007