Investigation of water and ice by ac impedance using electrochemical properties cup

Water and ice were investigated by ac impedance with the electrochemical properties cup in an effort to develop an in situ instrument for water characterization. In liquid water, the impedance modulus decreased with the increase in charge carriers. In the ice, the impedance measurements were charact...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Review of scientific instruments 2007-01, Vol.78 (1), p.016104-016104-3
Main Authors: Chin, K. B., Buehler, M. G., Seshadri, S., Keymeulen, D., Anderson, R. C., Dutz, S., Narayanan, S. R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anions - analysis
Chlorides - analysis
Electric Impedance
Electrochemistry - instrumentation
Ice - analysis
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Summary:Water and ice were investigated by ac impedance with the electrochemical properties cup in an effort to develop an in situ instrument for water characterization. In liquid water, the impedance modulus decreased with the increase in charge carriers. In the ice, the impedance measurements were characterized by the dielectric relaxation and its corresponding activation energy. The activation energy of 0.400 eV was determined for pure ice. With ice containing Cl − anions, the activation energy was 0.24 eV . H + and O H − doped ice has the lowest activation energy for dielectric relaxation. Results from previous works are similar to the results reported in this study.
ISSN:0034-6748
1089-7623
DOI:10.1063/1.2424443