Development of composite biomaterial using Resin/Eggshell/Calcium Sulfate Hemihydrate for orthopedic applications

• Main Authors: Khan, Tooba, Hameed, Sumayya, Abdullah, Nida, Haque, Muhammad Zeeshan Ul
• Format: Conference Proceeding
• Language: English
• Subjects: Biocompatibility; Biomedical materials; Calcium; Calcium sulfate hemihydrate; Composite materials; Contact angle; Fractures; Hardness; In vivo methods and tests; Modulus of elasticity; Orthopedics; Regeneration (physiology); Resins
• ISSN: 0094-243X; 1551-7616
• DOI: 10.1063/5.0214542

Bone fractures are a significant concern globally, with a high number of reported cases. According to recent statistical data, bone fractures are prevalent and pose significant challenges in clinical settings. These fractures can result from trauma, degenerative diseases, infections, or oncology. Current treatment options, such as autografts and allografts, have limitations in terms of availability, donor site morbidity, and immune response. In this study, the focus is on the fabrication of a composite material using resin, eggshell, and calcium sulfate hemihydrate for bone reconstruction. Resin-based materials offer good biocompatibility, mechanical strength, and stability. Eggshells and Calcium Sulfate Hemihydrate, on the other hand, are a rich source of calcium and other minerals necessary for bone regeneration and have been used in the field of biomaterials for applications such as bone filling and repair. A total of four samples including Pure Resin, Resin/Eggshell composite, Resin/Calcium Sulfate Hemihydrate, and Resin/Eggshell/Calcium Sulfate Hemihydrate are fabricated and tested for hardness, compression, and contact angle. Results indicate that samples fabricated using Resin/Calcium Sulphate Hemihydrate and Resin/Egg Shell/Calcium Sulfate Hemihydrate exhibits hardness value within the range of the human trabecular bone i.e. 33.3±5.17 HV and also the Young’s modulus is in the range of human trabecular bone i.e. 689-871 MPa. Furthermore, all fabricated samples are found to be hydrophilic with a contact angle of less than 90ᵒ. Further, in-vivo testing can be conducted to analyze the performance of the samples and assess their suitability for orthopedic applications.