Density of molten oxides measured in an aero-acoustic levitator

Knowing the thermophysical properties of high-temperature melts can aid the design of melt processes and validate atomic structural models, such as those used in studying glass formation. Property measurements on such melts are challenging, however, due to container-related contamination and heterog...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of applied physics 2024-12, Vol.136 (23)
Main Authors: Wilke, Stephen K., Rafferty, Jared, Al-Rubkhi, Abdulrahman, Weber, Richard
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acoustic levitation
Acoustics
Calcium aluminate
Control equipment
Cross-sections
Density
Gas jets
High temperature
Laser beam heating
Light sources
Melts
Narrowband
Nucleation
Optical properties
Structural models
Thermophysical models
Thermophysical properties
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Summary:Knowing the thermophysical properties of high-temperature melts can aid the design of melt processes and validate atomic structural models, such as those used in studying glass formation. Property measurements on such melts are challenging, however, due to container-related contamination and heterogeneous nucleation. Containerless processing techniques that employ levitation can be used to avoid these obstacles. In that context, we demonstrate here the application of silhouette imaging to measure the density of molten oxides in an aero-acoustic levitation instrument (AAL). The AAL combines gas jet levitation with actively controlled acoustic positioning to enable full optical access to samples ca. 2–4 mm in diameter, which are laser beam heated and melted. The cross sections of molten drops are imaged using a monochromatic light source and narrowband-filtered camera. Melt volume is calculated from the cross sections and used to find density at several temperatures ranging 1530–1920 K, including up to 350 K of supercooling. We report densities for CaAl2O4, Ca12Al14O33, CaSiO3, their Fe2O3-bearing analogs, and 83TiO2-17RE2O3 (RE = La or Nd). These provide important benchmarks of the capabilities, measurement uncertainties, and future outlook for this technique.
ISSN:0021-8979
1089-7550
DOI:10.1063/5.0245875