A Soft and Stretchable Multielectrode Cuff for Selective Peripheral Nerve Stimulation

• Published in: Advanced materials technologies 2023-03, Vol.8 (6), p.n/a
• Main Authors: Lienemann, Samuel, Donahue, Mary J., Zötterman, Johan, Farnebo, Simon, Tybrandt, Klas
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: cuff electrodes; gold nanowires; peripheral nerve stimulation; selective stimulation; stretchable electronics
• ISSN: 2365-709X; 2365-709X
• DOI: 10.1002/admt.202201322

Bioelectronic medicine can treat diseases and disorders in humans by electrically interfacing with peripheral nerves. Multielectrode cuffs can be used for selective stimulation of portions of the nerve, which is advantageous for treatment specificity. The biocompatibility and conformability of cuffs can be improved by reducing the mechanical mismatch between nerve tissue and cuffs, but selective stimulation of nerves has yet to be achieved with soft and stretchable cuff electrodes. Here, this paper reports the development of a soft and stretchable multielectrode cuff (sMEC) for selective nerve stimulation. The device is made of 50 µm thick silicone with embedded gold nanowire conductors, which renders it functional at 50% strain, and provides superior conformability for wrapping nerves. By using different stimulation protocols, high functional selectivity is achieved with the sMEC's eight stimulation electrodes in a porcine sciatic nerve model. Finite element modeling is used to predict the potential distribution within the nerve, which correlate well with the achieved stimulation results. Recent studies are showing that mechanical softness is of outermost importance for reducing foreign body response. It is therefore believed that the soft high‐performance sMEC technology is ideal for future selective peripheral nerve interfaces for bioelectronic medicine. Soft and stretchable multielectrode cuffs, based on gold nanowires and silicone rubber, are developed, characterized, and evaluated in vivo in a porcine sciatic nerve model. The electrodes show outstanding stability both with respect to mechanical strain and accelerated aging testing. The nine‐electrode cuffs conform excellently around the nerve and achieve electrical stimulation with high functional selectivity.