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Kinetic mechanisms of cementation of cadmium ions by zinc powder from sulphate solutions
The cementation of cadmium ions by zinc powder was studied in a batch reactor at low and high concentrations at pH 5.2–5.4 and it is shown that the reaction is first-order. XRD and SEM analysis confirm that the deposited layer is metallic with no evidence of basic zinc sulphate or re-dissolution of...
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Published in: | Hydrometallurgy 2006-11, Vol.84 (3), p.155-164 |
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Main Authors: | , , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Citations: | Items that this one cites Items that cite this one |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | The cementation of cadmium ions by zinc powder was studied in a batch reactor at low and high concentrations at pH 5.2–5.4 and it is shown that the reaction is first-order. XRD and SEM analysis confirm that the deposited layer is metallic with no evidence of basic zinc sulphate or re-dissolution of cadmium. Dependence of the reaction constant on initial cadmium concentration proves the reaction mechanism. Different possible kinetic controlling models of cadmium ion (Cd
2+) cementation from aqueous solution by zinc powder were studied with respect to initial cadmium concentration, temperature, zinc powder size and stoichiometric ratio. The experiments demonstrate that at initial cadmium concentrations >
1000 ppm, the ash diffusion control model prevails, while at concentrations <
500 ppm, the data has good agreement with the film diffusion model. For concentrations between 500 ppm and 1000 ppm, a combination of ash diffusion and film diffusion models controls the reaction rate. Based on numerical analysis, the calculated activation energies at high and low concentrations are 9.6 and 7.2 kJ/mol, respectively. Statistical data analysis was performed and different reaction rate constants were estimated from the equations for high and low initial cadmium concentrations. |
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ISSN: | 0304-386X 1879-1158 1879-1158 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.hydromet.2006.05.005 |