Hydroxyl radicals generated by hydrogen peroxide photolysis recondition biofilm-contaminated titanium surfaces for subsequent osteoblastic cell proliferation

• Published in: Scientific reports 2019-03, Vol.9 (1), p.4688, Article 4688
• Main Authors: Nakamura, Keisuke, Shirato, Midori, Tenkumo, Taichi, Kanno, Taro, Westerlund, Anna, Örtengren, Ulf, Sasaki, Keiichi, Niwano, Yoshimi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 132/124; 14/34; 631/326/46; 631/80/83; 639/301/54/993; Alveolar Bone Loss - prevention & control; Animals; Anti-Infective Agents - therapeutic use; assay; Bacterial diseases; Biocompatibility; Biofilms; Biological Therapy - methods; Cell growth; Cell Line; Cell Proliferation; Chemotherapy; Clinical dentistry disciplines: 830; Contamination; cytocompatibility; decontamination; Dental Implantation - methods; Dental Implants - microbiology; Dental prosthetics; Dental restorative materials; Dentistry; diseases; european workshop; Free radicals; host; Humanities and Social Sciences; Humans; Hydrogen peroxide; Hydrogen Peroxide - chemistry; Hydrogen Peroxide - metabolism; Hydrogen Peroxide - therapeutic use; Hydroxyl Radical - metabolism; Hydroxyl radicals; Irradiation; Klinisk odontologiske fag: 830; light; Medical disciplines: 700; Medisinske Fag: 700; Mice; multidisciplinary; Odontologi; Osteoblasts; Osteoblasts - physiology; peri-implantitis; Peri-Implantitis - therapy; periodontal pathogens; Photolysis; Radiation; response; Scaling; Science; Science & Technology; Science (multidisciplinary); Streptococcus infections; survival; Titanium; Titanium - chemistry; Ultrasound; VDP
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41126-z

Titanium dental implants have been successfully used for decades; however, some implants are affected by peri-implantitis due to bacterial infection, resulting in loss of supporting bone. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of an antimicrobial chemotherapy employing H 2 O 2 photolysis—developed to treat peri-implantitis—on biofilm-contaminated titanium surfaces in association with osteoblastic cell proliferation on the treated surface. Titanium discs were sandblasted and acid-etched, followed by contamination with a three-species biofilm composed of Porphyromonas gingivalis , Fusobacterium nucleatum , and Streptococcus mitis . This biofilm model was used as a simplified model of clinical peri-implantitis biofilm. The discs were subjected to ultrasound scaling, followed by H 2 O 2 photolysis, wherein 365-nm LED irradiation of the disc immersed in 3% H 2 O 2 was performed for 5 min. We analysed proliferation of mouse osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1) cultured on the treated discs. Compared with intact discs, biofilm contamination lowered cell proliferation on the specimen surface, whereas H 2 O 2 photolysis recovered cell proliferation. Thus, H 2 O 2 photolysis can recover the degraded biocompatibility of biofilm-contaminated titanium surfaces and can potentially be utilised for peri-implantitis treatment. However, to verify the findings of this study in relation to clinical settings, assessment using a more clinically relevant multi-species biofilm model is necessary.