Work and psychiatric disorder in the Whitehall II Study

It is important that the effects of work on mental health are investigated when work practices are changing rapidly and there is decreasing job security. This has been examined in the Whitehall II Study, a cohort study of 6895 male and 3413 female, London-based civil servants, aged 35–55 years at ba...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of psychosomatic research 1997-07, Vol.43 (1), p.73-81
Main Authors: Stansfeld, Stephen A., Fuhrer, Rebecca, Head, Jenny, Ferrie, Jane, Shipley, Martin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Biological and medical sciences
Civil servants
Cohort analysis
Cohort Studies
Depression
Epidemiology
Factors
Female
Humans
London
Longitudinal Studies
Male
Medical sciences
Medicin och hälsovetenskap
Mental Disorders
Mental health
Middle Aged
Occupational Health
Occupational stress
Personnel Turnover
Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
Psychological stress
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Sick Leave - statistics & numerical data
Social psychiatry. Ethnopsychiatry
Social Support
Sociocultural environment
Stress, Psychological - psychology
Work
Workload - psychology
Workplace
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Summary:It is important that the effects of work on mental health are investigated when work practices are changing rapidly and there is decreasing job security. This has been examined in the Whitehall II Study, a cohort study of 6895 male and 3413 female, London-based civil servants, aged 35–55 years at baseline in 1985. Work characteristics were measured by modified Karasek indices in a self-report questionnaire. Psychiatric disorder was measured by the 30-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). In longitudinal analyses in men and women, high work social support predicted lower GHQ scores, and high job demands predicted higher GHQ scores at follow-up. High work social support and high skill discretion were protective against taking short spells of psychiatric sickness absence. The protective effects of social support at work and the potential risk of job demands have implications for management, job design, training, and further research.
ISSN:0022-3999
1879-1360
DOI:10.1016/S0022-3999(97)00001-9