Dairy Products and Ovarian Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of 12 Cohort Studies

Background: Dairy foods and their constituents (lactose and calcium) have been hypothesized to promote ovarian carcinogenesis. Although case-control studies have reported conflicting results for dairy foods and lactose, several cohort studies have shown positive associations between skim milk, lacto...

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Published in:Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention biomarkers & prevention, 2006-02, Vol.15 (2), p.364-372
Main Authors: GENKINGER, Jeanine M, HUNTER, David J, HANKINSON, Susan E, JACOBS, David R, KOUSHIK, Anita, LACEY, James V, LARSSON, Susanna C, LEITZMANN, Michael, MCCULLOUGH, Marji L, MILLER, Anthony B, RODRIGUEZ, Carmen, ROHAN, Thomas E, SPIEGELMAN, Donna, SCHOUTEN, Leo J, SHORE, Roy, SMIT, Ellen, WOLK, Alicja, ZHANG, Shumin M, SMITH-WARRER, Stephanie A, ANDERSON, Kristin E, ARSLAN, Alan, BEESON, W. Lawrence, BURING, Julie E, FRASER, Gary E, FREUDENHEIM, Jo L, GOLDBOHM, R. Alexandra
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological and medical sciences
Calcium, Dietary - adverse effects
Cohort Studies
Dairy
Dairy Products - adverse effects
Dairy Products - classification
Diet and cancer
Diet Surveys
Female
Female genital diseases
Gynecologic cancers: ovarian
Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics
Humans
Lactose - administration & dosage
Lactose - adverse effects
Medical sciences
Multivariate Analysis
Outcome Assessment, Health Care
Ovarian Cancer
Ovarian Neoplasms - etiology
Proportional Hazards Models
Tumors
Vitamin D - administration & dosage
Vitamin D - adverse effects
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Summary:Background: Dairy foods and their constituents (lactose and calcium) have been hypothesized to promote ovarian carcinogenesis. Although case-control studies have reported conflicting results for dairy foods and lactose, several cohort studies have shown positive associations between skim milk, lactose, and ovarian cancer. Methods: A pooled analysis of the primary data from 12 prospective cohort studies was conducted. The study population consisted of 553,217 women among whom 2,132 epithelial ovarian cases were identified. Study-specific relative risks and 95% confidence intervals were calculated by Cox proportional hazards models and then pooled by a random-effects model. Results: No statistically significant associations were observed between intakes of milk, cheese, yogurt, ice cream, and dietary and total calcium intake and risk of ovarian cancer. Higher lactose intakes comparing ≥30 versus
ISSN:1055-9965
1538-7755
1538-7755
DOI:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-05-0484