Long-term association between malnutrition and all-cause mortality among older adults: A 10-years follow-up study

Prior studies have shown an association between malnutrition and mortality. However, it is uncertain whether malnutrition assessed with the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) instrument is suitable for providing long-term prognostic information regarding older adults admitted to hospital. The aim of...

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Published in:Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) Scotland), 2023-12, Vol.42 (12), p.2554-2561
Main Authors: Söderström, Lisa, Rosenblad, Andreas
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aged
All-cause mortality
clinical nutrition
Cohort study
Cox regression
death
Epidemiology
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Geriatric Assessment
Hospitalization
hospitals
Humans
Male
Malnutrition
Malnutrition - complications
Mini Nutritional Assessment
mortality
Nutrition Assessment
Nutritional Status
nutritional support
Prognosis
regression analysis
risk
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Summary:Prior studies have shown an association between malnutrition and mortality. However, it is uncertain whether malnutrition assessed with the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) instrument is suitable for providing long-term prognostic information regarding older adults admitted to hospital. The aim of the present study was to examine if MNA-assessed malnutrition was associated with long-term mortality in older adults admitted to hospital and for how long the association persisted. 1768 older adults (≥65 years old) admitted to a Swedish hospital were assessed with the 18-item MNA during 2008-2009 and followed-up after 10 years. All-cause mortality (ACM) was analyzed separately for the five follow-up periods 0 to ≤2 years, >2 to ≤4 years, >4 to ≤6 years, >6 to ≤8 years, and >8 to ≤10 years using Cox regression models adjusted for important demographic, nutritional, and clinical confounders. The participants were on average 78.1 years old at baseline, with 56.0% being females. At 10 years follow-up, 174 (94.1%) malnourished patients, 757 (75.9%) patients at risk of malnutrition, and 297 (50.7%) well-nourished patients had died. For all follow-up periods, malnourished patients and patients at risk of malnutrition had significantly higher risks of early death in the adjusted regression analyses when compared with well-nourished patients (all P 
ISSN:0261-5614
1532-1983
1532-1983
DOI:10.1016/j.clnu.2023.10.026